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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter May 18, 2022

Effect of water contaminated with hand washing liquid on germination characteristics of wheat, flax, and lentil

  • Hassan Heidari EMAIL logo and Zahra Parhoon

    Zahra Parhoon obtained her B.Sc. from the Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran in 2020. Her B.Sc. project was the evaluation of the effects of contaminated water with hand washing liquid on wheat, flax, and lentil plants.

Abstract

Due to climate change and declining water resources, some farmers are turning to wastewater. One of water pollutants is household detergent. To examine this, a study was conducted to determine the effect of water contaminated with hand washing liquid on the germination characteristics of wheat, flax, and lentil in a completely randomized design with three replications in 2020. Experimental treatments included water contaminated with different concentrations of hand washing liquid ((0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10)%) of hand washing liquid in water). The results showed that with increasing concentration of the contaminant in the water, the germination percentage, the caulicle length, and the radicle length of wheat, flax and lentil decreased. It was observed that wheat had a higher resistance to hand washing liquid than lentil and flax so that at a concentration of 0.01% and 0.1%, the wheat radicle was still growing. It is recommended to avoid irrigating plants with contaminated water with high amounts of hand washing liquid.


Corresponding author: Dr. Hassan Heidari, Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, E-mail:

About the author

Zahra Parhoon

Zahra Parhoon obtained her B.Sc. from the Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran in 2020. Her B.Sc. project was the evaluation of the effects of contaminated water with hand washing liquid on wheat, flax, and lentil plants.

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Received: 2021-12-01
Revised: 2022-02-07
Accepted: 2022-03-07
Published Online: 2022-05-18
Published in Print: 2022-07-26

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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