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Physiochemical, Mineralogical, Thermal and Kinetic Characterisation of Selected Coals from the Benue Trough and Anambra Basin, Nigeria

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Abstract

This study examined the physiochemical, mineralogical, thermal, and kinetic characteristics of selected Nigerian coals, namely; Chikila (CHK), Lafia Obi (LFB) and Okaba (OKB) from the Benue Trough and Anambra Basin. Physicochemical analyses revealed significant carbon, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and higher heating values (~25–30 MJ/kg) along with low contents of moisture and ash. The deduced properties indicate subbituminous to bituminous rank coals. The morphological, microstructure and elemental analyses revealed heterogeneous sized coal particles with a glassy lustre, which are ascribed to quartz, alumina, kaolinite, hematite, and other clay or aluminosilicate minerals. Thermal analysis under oxidative conditions indicated the coal samples are highly reactive, which resulted in significant degradation as evident in the high mass losses (ML = 91.59–94.04)% and low residual masses (RM = 5.96–8.41)%, which occurred in the order LFB > OKB > CHK for ML whereas RM was CHK > OKB > LFB. Kinetic analysis values of activation energy (Ea) from 30.07 to 43.91 kJ/mol, frequency factor (A) from 1.16 × 10–02 to 6.73 × 10–02 min–1 and R2 from 0.98–0.99 based on the Coats–Redfern model. The kinetic analysis indicated the coals are highly reactive and suitable for energy recovery.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to acknowledge the Hydrogen Fuel Cell at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) for the TGA runs. Many thanks also accrue to Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) for the technical assistance with the XRF. The surface analysis (SEM/EDX) section of the University Industrial Research Laboratory (UiRL, UTM) is also gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Initiative for Sustainable Energy Technologies, North-Bank, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

    Bemgba B. Nyakuma

  2. School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    Bemgba B. Nyakuma & Tuan Amran T. Abdullah

  3. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

    Segun A. Akinyemi

  4. Dpto. Matemática Aplicada, Ciencia Ingeniería Materiales Tecnología Electronica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain

    Syie L. Wong

  5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

    Olagoke Oladokun

  6. National Centre for Petroleum Research and Development, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria

    Aliyu Jauro

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  1. Bemgba B. Nyakuma
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  2. Segun A. Akinyemi
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Nyakuma, B.B., Akinyemi, S.A., Wong, S.L. et al. Physiochemical, Mineralogical, Thermal and Kinetic Characterisation of Selected Coals from the Benue Trough and Anambra Basin, Nigeria. Coke Chem. 64, 496–507 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068364X21110065

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