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The Effects of Social Rank and Neighborhood and School Environment on Adolescent Depression and Suicidal Ideation: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

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Abstract

Depression and suicide constitute major public health problems, and their prevalence has been increasing among adolescents in the United States. More research is needed to understand the association between multilevel risk factors and depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents, particularly factors related to perceived social rank and environmental stress. The present study examined relationships among family mental history of mental illness, in-utero and perinatal complications, social rank factors, environmental factors, and depression and suicidal ideation in the past month in a clinical population of adolescents. A cross-sectional survey was administered in outpatient clinics to 197 adolescents ages 12–18 who were primarily Black and female. Findings from structural equation modeling showed the largest effects for the social rank factor on depression and suicidal ideation in the past month. These findings highlight the importance of preventive interventions for coping with social hierarchies to prevent depression and suicidal ideation.

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Acknowledgements

This research work was supported by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) Pilot Research Award for Early Career Faculty and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellows, supported by AACAP.

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American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (US), NIDA-AACAP, 5K12DA000357-22, Carol Vidal.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street/Bloomberg 12N, Baltimore, MD, 21287-3335, USA

    Carol Vidal

  2. Graduate School, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Hyun-Jin Jun

  3. Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Carl Latkin

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Vidal, C., Jun, HJ. & Latkin, C. The Effects of Social Rank and Neighborhood and School Environment on Adolescent Depression and Suicidal Ideation: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 54, 1425–1437 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-022-01347-2

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