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Charcoals in the Middle Taiga Podzols of Western Siberia as an Indicator of Geosystem History

  • GENESIS AND GEOGRAPHY OF SOILS
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Abstract—

A middle-taiga iron-illuvial podzol (Glossic Endogleyic Albic Podzol) was studied on an ancient eolian dune in the Bol’shoi Yugan River basin (the Ob’ River tributary, Surgut region), near the large-scale archaeological research site. The radiocarbon age of 31 charcoals was determined, and 8 variants of the location of charcoal-containing soil zones relative to other morphological patterns were identified. It was proved that charcoal can help in dating the time of mosaic pattern formation, and the development of podzolic horizon coincided with intense wildfires in the second half of the Holocene. It was found that charcoal-containing soil zones first appeared in soils about 5 ka ago. Charcoals older than 5 ka cal. BP were not found. Pyrogenic events became twice more frequent at the beginning of the third millennium BP, with their maximum in the middle of the third millennium BP. The frequency of pyrogenic events decreased noticeably at the very end of the second millennium BP. Many peaks of pyrogenic events during the last five millennia coincided with the periods of archaeological cultures. An assumption that the continuous existence of forest environment leads to the permanent burial of charcoal due to fall of a tree accompanied by its uprooting was partially confirmed.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to Prof. M.I. Gerasimova, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, and anonymous reviewers for valuable advice on improving the article.

Funding

The research was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 21-54-75001-BF_Soils, as well as by the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch RAS, project no. 0264-2021-0008 “Study, preservation and museumification of archaeological and ethno-cultural heritage of Siberia”.

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  1. Tomsk State University, pr. Lenina 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia

    S. V. Loiko, D. M. Kuz’mina, A. O. Kurasova, A. G. Lim & S. P. Kulizhskii

  2. Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 17, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    A. A. Dudko & Yu. A. Vasil’eva

  3. Tyumen State University, ul. Volodarskogo 6, 625003, Tyumen, Russia

    A. O. Konstantinov & A. O. Kurasova

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  1. S. V. Loiko
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  2. D. M. Kuz’mina
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  4. A. O. Konstantinov
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Correspondence to S. V. Loiko.

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Translated by O. Eremina

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Loiko, S.V., Kuz’mina, D.M., Dudko, A.A. et al. Charcoals in the Middle Taiga Podzols of Western Siberia as an Indicator of Geosystem History. Eurasian Soil Sc. 55, 154–168 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229322020089

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