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The Converging Effects of Psychopathic Traits and Victimization on Offending: A Partial Test of Agnew’s Extension of General Strain Theory

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Abstract

Although Agnew recently extended general strain theory (GST) to explain variation in reactions to strain, only a few studies have examined this thesis, finding limited support. Relying on a justice-involved sample, cross-lagged dynamic panel models are employed to examine the combined effects of psychopathic traits (reflecting criminal propensity) and victimization (as a key strain) on violent and property offending. Results show the independent impacts of psychopathic traits and victimization on criminal coping as well as the interactive effects of psychopathic traits and victimization on offending. These findings highlight the importance of criminal propensity and criminal victimization in criminal coping and provide evidence for the converging effects of both. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

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Notes

  1. Our argument is based on the view of psychopathic traits as a construct, not based on a specific measure.

  2. Although the original model found significant chi-square values, SEM literature suggests that interpretation of chi-square statistic should proceed with caution. For instance, “the Chi-Square statistic nearly always rejects the model when large samples are used…. where small samples are used, the Chi-Square statistic lacks power” (Hooper, Coughlan, and Mullen, 2008: 54) and “it may be hard to find any reasonably parsimonious model that yields a p value greater than .05” (Allison et al., 2017, p. 8). Responding this issue, this study compared the estimated models with saturated models, a suggestion of Allison and colleagues (2017). Higher p values for the χ2 statistics indicate better fitting models in the comparison models.

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  1. School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA

    Yeungjeom Lee

  2. Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0320, USA

    Jihoon Kim

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Lee, Y., Kim, J. The Converging Effects of Psychopathic Traits and Victimization on Offending: A Partial Test of Agnew’s Extension of General Strain Theory. J Dev Life Course Criminology 8, 253–274 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40865-022-00201-2

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