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Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Solanum tuberosum L. Cultivars by the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics under Postharvest Conditions

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Abstract

Postharvest storage of potatoes may result in compositional and textural changes, which may differ among different genotypes. These changes have been less documented in the literature. Ten potato cultivars (“Picasso”, “Red Scarlet”, “Sifra”, “Challenger”, “Sante”, “Banba”, “Arinda”, “Agria”, “Fontane’, and ‘Innovator”) were evaluated in pre- and post-harvest experiments. In the pre-harvest experiment, tuber number, diameter, and fresh weight of the plants were evaluated. Later, the traits were evaluated in three stages, including at harvest time and 90 and 180 days after harvest during storage. Fresh weight, dry weight, volume weight, firmness, TSS and carbohydrates, phenolic and vitamin C content, antioxidant activity, beta-carotene content, POX activity, and protein and starch content of the tubers were assessed. All the traits were significantly different among cultivars at both pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. “Red Scarlet”, “Challenger”, and “Innovator” are suitable cultivars for fresh consumption, and some including “Picasso”, “Sante” and “Banba” are appropriate for processing such as chips production. It was also found that some cultivars, e.g., “Challenger” and “Sante”, had longer shelf-life and acceptable marketability after six months of storage.

Resumen

El almacenamiento poscosecha de las papas pudiera resultar en cambios en la composición y la textura, que pueden variar entre los diferentes genotipos. Estos cambios han sido menos documentados en la literatura. Diez variedades de papa (“Picasso”, “Red Scarlet”, “Sifra”, “Challenger”, “Sante”, “Banba”, “Arinda”, “Agria”, “Fontane” e “Innovator”) se evaluaron en experimentos previos y posteriores a la cosecha. En el experimento previo a la cosecha, se evaluó el número de tubérculos, el diámetro y el peso fresco de las plantas. Más tarde, los rasgos se evaluaron en tres etapas, incluso en el momento de la cosecha y 90 y 180 días después de la cosecha durante el almacenamiento. Se evaluaron el peso fresco, el peso seco, el peso volumen, la firmeza, el TSS y los carbohidratos, el contenido fenólico y de vitamina C, la actividad antioxidante, el contenido de betacaroteno, la actividad POX y el contenido de proteínas y almidón de los tubérculos. Todos los rasgos fueron significativamente diferentes entre los cultivares tanto en las etapas previas a la cosecha como después de la cosecha. “Red Scarlet”, “Challenger” e “Innovator” son variedades adecuadas para el consumo fresco, y algunas como “Picasso”, “Sante” y “Banba” son apropiadas para el procesamiento, como la producción de chips. También se encontró que algunas variedades, como “Challenger” y “Sante”, tenian mayor vida de anaquel y comerciabilidad aceptable después de seis meses de almacenamiento.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Research Deputy and the Central Laboratory of the University of Maragheh for their help and support during the experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

    Esmail Heidari, Farzad Rasouli, Hanifeh Seyed Hajizadeh & Asghar Ebrahimzadeh

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  1. Esmail Heidari
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  2. Farzad Rasouli
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  3. Hanifeh Seyed Hajizadeh
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Contributions

Esmail Heidari carried out sowing, preservation during storage, laboratory analysis, and writing as his M.Sc. thesis. Farzad Rasouli contributed to the writing of this manuscript, data processing, and the creation of figures and tables as supervisor of the thesis. Hanifeh Seyed Hajizadeh set the trial programming as advisors of the thesis. Asghar Ebrahimzadeh contributed to the proof reading of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Farzad Rasouli.

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Heidari, E., Rasouli, F., Hajizadeh, H.S. et al. Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Solanum tuberosum L. Cultivars by the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics under Postharvest Conditions. Am. J. Potato Res. 99, 175–190 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-022-09865-4

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