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Responses of early recruitment processes with rhizome to flooding depth and salinity in Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia)

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Abstract

Environmental stress, such as intense rainfall, drought and salinization, is predicted to increase not only in intensity, but also in frequency under future climate scenarios. Quantitative information about the response of the early recruitment process to environmental stress is essential for predicting the species distribution pattern; however, it is still lacking. We conducted an experiment in the rainproof shelter to investigate the response of early recruitment processes of Zizania latifolia at flooding depths of 0, 5, 15 and 30 cm and salinity of 0, 5, 15, 30 and 50 mmol/L. The effects of flooding depth and salinity on rhizome bud sprouting, shoot survival, and shoot early growth of Z. latifolia were investigated. The results showed that the interaction between flooding depth and salinity had no significant effect on the rhizome bud sprouting and obviously affected the shoot early growth. Flooding reduced final sprouting percentage and shoot survival, but enhanced the half-final sprouting time, absolute growth rate and shoot height. Salinity has no effect on final sprouting percentage and shoot survival. Both absolute growth rate and shoot height showed a unimodal relationship with salinity, while the half-final sprouting time showed a u-shaped pattern along the salinity gradient. We therefore conclude that Z. latifolia may be used for vegetation restoration of mild salinized wetlands (salinity less than 15 mmol/L), and artificially reducing the flooding depth (below 15 cm) during the establishment stage will be more conducive to the expansion of the Z. latifolia in the salt marsh.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all colleagues for assistance with practical work and their helpful collaboration in this research project. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U19A2042 and 41671109), the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province, China (No. 20190201281JC), and Local Science and Technology Development Projects Guided by Central Government of Jilin Province, China (No. 202002048).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment and Jilin Provincial Joint Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Wetland and Ecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China

    Haoran Tang, Fangyuan Chen, Jiangshan Bai & Yanjing Lou

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Haoran Tang, Fangyuan Chen & Jiangshan Bai

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  1. Haoran Tang
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  2. Fangyuan Chen
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  3. Jiangshan Bai
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Contributions

Haoran Tang contributed to conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft preparation, and writing—review and editing. Fangyuan Chen contributed to experimental design and implementation, formal analysis, and writing—original draft preparation. Jiangshan Bai contributed to writing—review and editing. Yanjing Lou contributed to writing—review and editing, funding acquisition, resources, and supervision.

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Correspondence to Yanjing Lou.

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Tang, H., Chen, F., Bai, J. et al. Responses of early recruitment processes with rhizome to flooding depth and salinity in Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia). Aquat Ecol 56, 619–629 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-021-09927-5

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