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Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics

Volume 54, 2022

Flow Control for Unmanned Air Vehicles

Abstract

The pervasiveness of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), from insect to airplane scales, combined with active flow control maturity, has set the scene for vehicles that differ markedly from present-day configurations. Nano and micro air vehicles, with characteristic Reynolds numbers typically less than 105, rely on periodically generated leading-edge vortices for lift generation, propulsion, and maneuvering. This is most commonly achieved by mechanical flapping or pulsed plasma actuation. On larger UAVs, with Reynolds numbers greater than 105, externally driven and autonomous fluidic systems continue to dominate. These include traditional circulation control techniques, autonomous synthetic jets, and discrete sweeping jets. Plasma actuators have also shown increased technological maturity. Energy efficiency is a major challenge, whether it be batteries and power electronics on nano and micro air vehicles or acceptably low compressor bleed on larger UAVs. Further challenges involve the development of aerodynamic models based on experiments or numerical simulations, as well as flight dynamics models.

Keyword(s): active flow control, circulation control, leading-edge vortex stabilization, plasma actuators, sweeping jets, unmanned air vehicles
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2022-01-05
2024-04-19
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Flow Control for Unmanned Air Vehicles
Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 54, 383 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032221-105053
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032221-105053
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