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Dynamics and observational signatures of shell-like black hole mimickers

Ulf Danielsson, Luis Lehner, and Frans Pretorius
Phys. Rev. D 104, 124011 – Published 2 December 2021

Abstract

We undertake the task of studying the nonlinear dynamics of quantum gravity motivated alternatives to black holes that in the classical limit appear as ultracompact shells of matter. We develop a formalism that should be amenable to numerical solution in generic situations. For a concrete model, we focus on the spherically symmetric anti-de Sitter (AdS) black bubble—a shell of matter at the Buchdahl radius separating a Schwarzschild exterior from an AdS interior. We construct a numerical code to study the radial dynamics of and accretion onto AdS black bubbles, with exterior matter provided by scalar fields. In doing so, we develop numerical methods that could be extended to future studies beyond spherical symmetry. Regarding AdS black bubbles in particular, we find that the original prescription for the internal matter fluxes needed to stabilize the black bubble is inadequate in dynamical settings, and we propose a two-parameter generalization of the flux model to fix this. To allow for more efficient surveys of parameter space, we develop a simpler numerical model adapted to spherically symmetric bubble dynamics. We identify regions of parameter space that do allow for stable black bubbles and moreover allow control to a desired end state after an accretion episode. Based on these results, and evolution of scalar fields on black bubble backgrounds, we speculate on some observational consequences if what are currently presumed to be black holes in the Universe were actually black bubbles.

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  • Received 24 September 2021
  • Accepted 13 October 2021

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.124011

© 2021 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Gravitation, Cosmology & Astrophysics

Authors & Affiliations

Ulf Danielsson1, Luis Lehner2, and Frans Pretorius3

  • 1Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 20, Sweden
  • 2Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
  • 3Princeton University, Princeton 08544, New Jersey, USA

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Issue

Vol. 104, Iss. 12 — 15 December 2021

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