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Microbial colonization and decomposition of commercial tea and native alder leaf litter in temperate streams

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Abstract

Leaf litter decomposition in streams is a fundamental ecosystem process that allows for the cycling of nutrients. The rate at which leaf litter decomposes is greatly controlled by its intrinsic characteristics. However, intraspecific variation in leaf litter characteristics poses a major challenge for large-scale studies aiming at identifying the environmental moderators of leaf litter decomposition. Thus, several standardized organic substrates have been proposed as surrogates for leaf litter. Tea bags were proposed as a standardized alternative to leaf litter for studies in soil and their use in aquatic ecosystems has been growing in recent years. It is therefore necessary to evaluate how tea is colonized and decomposed by aquatic microbial decomposers to assess its usefulness as a surrogate for leaf litter in litter decomposition studies. Here we compared the microbial colonization (based on the reproductive activity of aquatic hyphomycetes) and decomposition of green and rooibos teas and native alder leaf litter in two streams differing in environmental conditions. Colonization of green tea was lower than that of alder leaf litter, but their decomposition rates were similar. In contrast, colonization of rooibos tea was similar to that of alder leaf litter, but it decomposed 3–4 × slower. Results were consistent in both streams. Despite differences in magnitude, dynamics of microbial colonization and decomposition of tea were similar to those of alder leaf litter and were sensitive to substrate characteristics. Tea may be used as a surrogate for leaf litter in studies addressing microbial-driven leaf litter decomposition in streams.

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Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Ana Pereira and Olímpia Sobral for the help in the field, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through project UIDB/04292/2020 granted to MARE, contracts IF/00129/2014 and CEEIND/02484/2018 granted to VF, and postdoc fellowship SFRH/BPD/108779/2015 granted to JC.

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  1. MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Verónica Ferreira, João Silva, Julien Cornut & Manuel A. S. Graça

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  1. Verónica Ferreira
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  2. João Silva
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  4. Manuel A. S. Graça
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VF and JC conceived the study; VF and MASG provided funding; VF, JS and JC carried out the work; VF performed data analysis and wrote the first version of the manuscript; JS, JC and MASG revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Verónica Ferreira.

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Ferreira, V., Silva, J., Cornut, J. et al. Microbial colonization and decomposition of commercial tea and native alder leaf litter in temperate streams. Aquat Sci 84, 4 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-021-00834-3

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