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Cyclic nature of the biotic attributes of macroinvertebrate communities in the Cenomanian–Turonian strata of Sinai: water depth-driven biological responses

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Abstract

The analysis of high-resolution stratigraphic data from the Cenomanian–Turonian successions in three sections from Sinai (northeast Egypt) revealed the mechanisms behind water depth-driven biological responses (visible in changes of biodiversity and community structure) of macroinvertebrates. Quantitative biostratigraphical analysis of 127 samples containing 6203 specimens representing 41 genera of molluscs, corals, and echinoids were used to construct changes in the community structure of Cenomanian–Turonian macroinvertebrates. We identified six assemblages that we assigned to two main categories and linked to regional sea-level changes. The first group of assemblages is associated with the initiation of transgression and/or late normal regression, is dominated mainly by opportunistic, epifaunal suspension feeders (oyster bivalves) and is characterized by lower diversity values (low Shannon Index and high dominance). The second category is associated with the maximum flooding zone and dominated by infaunal deposit feeders such as irregular echinoids and by nektonic ammonites and is characterized by higher diversity. The increase in nektonic and decrease in benthic taxa during the latest Cenomanian suggest deepening of the environment. Moreover, the change in the water depth was accompanied by a change in the structure of the macrobenthos.

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Acknowledgements

Prof. Dr. Martin Zuschin (University of Vienna) is highly acknowledged for his valuable advice and useful suggestions on the stratigraphic paleobiology and for improving the language. The authors are very grateful to the two Steven Holland (University of Georgia) and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive suggestions that greatly improved the manuscript. Research Supporting Project number (RSP-2021/139), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Ahmed A. Abdelhady is funded by a full scholarship (2019/2020) from the Ministry of Higher Education of the Arab Republic of Egypt.

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  1. Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727, Egypt

    Sherif Farouk

  2. Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Khaled Al-Kahtany

  3. Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Ahmed Awad Abdelhady

  4. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minya, 61519, Egypt

    Ahmed Awad Abdelhady

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  1. Sherif Farouk
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Correspondence to Ahmed Awad Abdelhady.

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10347_2021_639_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx

Supplementary file1. Appendix S1 Species occurrence data of the Cenomanian–Turonian macrofauna in the studied sections (XLSX 32 KB)

10347_2021_639_MOESM2_ESM.xlsx

Supplementary file2. Appendix S2 Stratigraphic range of the study samples on the proposed UAs sequence of events. ‘?’ denotes undetermined range (XLSX 11 KB)

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Farouk, S., Al-Kahtany, K. & Abdelhady, A.A. Cyclic nature of the biotic attributes of macroinvertebrate communities in the Cenomanian–Turonian strata of Sinai: water depth-driven biological responses. Facies 68, 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-021-00639-8

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