This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Relevant articles
Open Access articles citing this article.
-
Beyond the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 era: promising role of the BTLA/HVEM axis as a future target for cancer immunotherapy
Molecular Cancer Open Access 30 August 2023
-
Combined mitoxantrone and anti-TGFβ treatment with PD-1 blockade enhances antitumor immunity by remodelling the tumor immune landscape in neuroblastoma
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research Open Access 17 November 2022
-
The immune landscape of solid pediatric tumors
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research Open Access 11 June 2022
Access options
Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals
Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription
$29.99 / 30 days
cancel any time
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Original articles
Leach, D. R. et al. Enhancement of antitumor immunity by CTLA-4 blockade. Science 217, 1734–1736 (1996)
Phan, G. Q. et al. Cancer regression and autoimmunity induced by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 8372–8377 (2003)
Hodi, F. S. et al. Biologic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade in previously vaccinated metastatic melanoma and ovarian carcinoma patients. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 4712–4717 (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
J.D.W. is a consultant for Amgen, Apricity, Ascentage Pharma, Arsenal IO, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bicara Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Dragonfly, Eli Lilly, F Star, Georgiamune, Idera, Imvaq, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Maverick Therapeutics, Merck, Neon Therapeutics, Psioxus, Recepta, Tizona, Trieza, Truvax, Trishula, Sellas, Surface Oncology, Syndax, Syntalogic and Werewolf Therapeutics. J.D.W. receives grant/research support from Bristol Myers Squibb and Sephora. J.D.W. has equity in Tizona Pharmaceuticals, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Ascentage, Imvaq, Beigene, Linneaus, Apricity, Arsenal IO, Georgiamune, Trieza and Maverick.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wolchok, J.D. Checkpoint blockade: the end of the beginning. Nat Rev Immunol 21, 621 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-021-00617-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-021-00617-9
This article is cited by
-
Beyond the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 era: promising role of the BTLA/HVEM axis as a future target for cancer immunotherapy
Molecular Cancer (2023)
-
The immune landscape of solid pediatric tumors
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research (2022)
-
Combined mitoxantrone and anti-TGFβ treatment with PD-1 blockade enhances antitumor immunity by remodelling the tumor immune landscape in neuroblastoma
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research (2022)