The innate immune response of self-assembling silk fibroin hydrogels

Natalia Gorenkova; Manfred F. Maitz; Georg Böhme; Hani A. Alhadrami; Essam H. Jiffri; John D. Totten; Carsten Werner; Hilary V. O. Carswell; F. Philipp Seib

doi:10.1039/D1BM00936B

The innate immune response of self-assembling silk fibroin hydrogels

Natalia Gorenkova,^abc Manfred F. Maitz,^d Georg Böhme,^bd Hani A. Alhadrami,^ae Essam H. Jiffri,^ae John D. Totten,^ab Carsten Werner,

^df Hilary V. O. Carswell^b and F. Philipp Seib

*^bdg

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

^b Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, UK
E-mail: philipp.seib@strath.ac.uk
Fax: +44 (0) 141 552 2562
Tel: +44 (0)141 548 2510

^c I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya street, Moscow, Russian Federation

^d Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany

^e Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

^f Technische Universität Dresden, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany

^g EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK

Abstract

Silk has a long track record of use in humans, and recent advances in silk fibroin processing have opened up new material formats. However, these new formats and their applications have subsequently created a need to ascertain their biocompatibility. Therefore, the present aim was to quantify the haemocompatibility and inflammatory response of silk fibroin hydrogels. This work demonstrated that self-assembled silk fibroin hydrogels, as one of the most clinically relevant new formats, induced very low blood coagulation and platelet activation but elevated the inflammatory response of human whole blood in vitro. In vivo bioluminescence imaging of neutrophils and macrophages showed an acute, but mild, local inflammatory response which was lower than or similar to that induced by polyethylene glycol, a benchmark material. The time-dependent local immune response in vivo was corroborated by histology, immunofluorescence and murine whole blood analyses. Overall, this study confirms that silk fibroin hydrogels induce a similar immune response to that of PEG hydrogels, while also demonstrating the power of non-invasive bioluminescence imaging for monitoring tissue responses.

Biomaterials Science

The innate immune response of self-assembling silk fibroin hydrogels

Abstract

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