Abstract
An ultrathin MoS2 was grown on CdS nanorod by a solid state method using sulfur powder as sulfur source for photocatalytic H2 production. The characterization result reveals that the ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets loaded on CdS has a good contact state. The photoelectrochemical result shows that MoS2 not only are beneficial for charge separation, but also works as active sites, thus enhancing photocatalytic activity. Compared with pure CdS, the photocatalytic activity of MoS2 loaded CdS was significantly improved. The hydrogen evolution rate on m(MoS2): m(CdS) = 1: 50 (m is mass) reaches 542 μmol/h, which is 6 times of that on pure CdS (92 μmol/h). This work provides a new design for photocatalysts with high photocatalytic activities and provides a deeper understanding of the effect of MoS2 on enhancing photocatalytic activity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Takata T, Jiang J, Sakata Y, et al. Photocatalytic water splitting with a quantum efficiency of almost unity. Nature, 2020, 581(7809): 411–414
Kranz C, Wächtler M. Characterizing photocatalysts for water splitting: from atoms to bulk and from slow to ultrafast processes. Chemical Society Reviews, 2021, 50(2): 1407–1437
Fang X, Kalathil S, Reisner E. Semi-biological approaches to solar-to-chemical conversion. Chemical Society Reviews, 2020, 49(14): 4926–4952
Ran J, Zhang J, Yu J, et al. Earth-abundant cocatalysts for semiconductor-based photocatalytic water splitting. Chemical Society Reviews, 2014, 43(22): 7787–7812
Lin L, Yu Z, Wang X. Crystalline carbon nitride semiconductors for photocatalytic water splitting. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2019, 58(19): 6164–6175
Chen W, Wang Y, Liu M, et al. In situ photodeposition of cobalt on CdS nanorod for promoting photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light irradiation. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 444: 485–490
Yan H, Yang J, Ma G, et al. Visible-light-driven hydrogen production with extremely high quantum efficiency on Pt-PdS/CdS photocatalyst. Journal of Catalysis, 2009, 266(2): 165–168
Zhang W, Wang Y, Wang Z, et al. Highly efficient and noble metalfree NiS/CdS photocatalysts for H2 evolution from lactic acid sacrificial solution under visible light. Chemical Communications: Cambridge, England, 2010, 46(40): 7631–7633
Qiu B, Li C, Shen X, et al. Revealing the size effect of metallic CoS2 on CdS nanorods for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution based on Schottky junction. Applied Catalysis A, General, 2020, 592: 117377
Xu M, Wei Z, Liu J, et al. One-pot synthesized visible-light-responsive MoS2@CdS nanosheets-on- nanospheres for hydrogen evolution from the antibiotic wastewater: waste to energy insight. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(39): 21577–21587
Zong X, Wu G, Yan H, et al. Photocatalytic H2 evolution on MoS2/CdS catalysts under visible light irradiation. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(4): 1963–1968
Zhang G, Liu H, Qu J, et al. Two-dimensional layered MoS2: rational design, properties and electrochemical applications. Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9(4): 1190–1209
Jaramillo T F, Jørgensen K P, Bonde J, et al. Identification of active edge sites for electrochemical H2 evolution from MoS2 nanocatalysts. Science, 2007, 317(5834): 100–102
Zhai Z, Yan W, Dong L, et al. Multi-dimensional materials with layered structures for supercapacitors: advanced synthesis, super-capacitor performance and functional mechanism. Nano Energy, 2020, 78: 105193
Chang L, Sun Z, Hu Y. 1T phase transition metal dichalcogenides for hydrogen evolution reaction. Electrochemical Energy Reviews, 2021, 4(2): 194–218
Liu X, Wang B, Liu M, et al. In situ growth of vertically aligned ultrathin MoS2 on porous g-C3N4 for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 554: 149617
Chang K, Li M, Wang T, et al. Drastic layer-number-dependent activity enhancement in photocatalytic H2 evolution over nMoS2/CdS (n⩾ 1) under visible light. Advanced Energy Materials, 2015, 5(10): 1402279
Taniguchi T, Nurdiwijayanto L, Li S, et al. On/off boundary of photocatalytic activity between single- and bi-layer MoS2. ACS Nano, 2020, 14(6): 6663–6672
Liu Y, Zeng C, Ai L, et al. Boosting charge transfer and hydrogen evolution performance of CdS nanocrystals hybridized with MoS2 nanosheets under visible light irradiation. Applied Surface Science, 2019, 484: 692–700
Yin X, Ye Z, Chenet D A, et al. Edge nonlinear optics on a MoS2 atomic monolayer. Science, 2014, 344(6183): 488–490
Hai X, Zhou W, Chang K, et al. Engineering the crystallinity of MoS2 monolayers for highly efficient solar hydrogen production. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2017, 5(18): 8591–8598
Zhao L, Jia J, Yang Z, et al. One-step synthesis of CdS nanoparticles/MoS2 nanosheets heterostructure on porous molybdenum sheet for enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2017, 210: 290–296
Wei Z, Xu M, Liu J, et al. Simultaneous visible-light-induced hydrogen production enhancement and antibiotic wastewater degradation using MoS2@ZnxCd1xS: solid-solution-assisted photocatalysis. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2020, 41(1): 103–113
Chen W, Liu M, Wei S, et al. Solid-state synthesis of ultrathin MoS2 as a cocatalyst on mesoporous g-C3N4 for excellent enhancement of visible light photoactivity. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2020, 836: 155401
Xu J, Zhang J, Zhang W, et al. Interlayer nanoarchitectonics of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides nanosheets for energy storage and conversion applications. Advanced Energy Materials, 2017, 7(23): 1700571
Shi X, Fujitsuka M, Kim S, et al. Faster electron injection and more active sites for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution in g-C3N4/MoS2 hybrid. Small, 2018, 14(11): 1703277
Chen W, Wang Y, Liu S, et al. Non-noble metal Cu as a cocatalyst on TiO2 nanorod for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 445: 527–534
Ko D, Jin X, Seong K D, et al. Few-layered MoS2 vertically aligned on 3D interconnected porous carbon nanosheets for hydrogen evolution. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2019, 248: 357–365
Reddy D A, Kim E H, Gopannagari M, et al. Few layered black phosphorus/MoS2 nanohybrid: a promising co-catalyst for solar driven hydrogen evolution. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2019, 241: 491–498
Liu J, Fang W, Wei Z, et al. Efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution on N-deficient g-C3N4 achieved by a molten salt post-treatment approach. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2018, 238: 465–470
Liu H, Li Y, Xiang M, et al. Single-layered MoS2 directly grown on rutile TiO2(110) for enhanced interfacial charge transfer. ACS Nano, 2019, 13(5): 6083–6089
Ge L, Han C, Xiao X, et al. Synthesis and characterization of composite visible light active photocatalysts MoS2-g-C3N4 with enhanced hydrogen evolution activity. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013, 38(17): 6960–6969
Chen W, Wang Y, Shangguan W. Metal (oxide) modified (M = Pd, Ag, Au and Cu) H2SrTa2O7 for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with H2O: the effect of cocatalysts on promoting activity toward CO and H2 evolution. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(8): 4123–4132
Wei S, Heng Q, Wu Y, et al. Improved photocatalytic CO2 conversion efficiency on Ag loaded porous Ta2O5. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 563: 150273
Chang K, Mei Z, Wang T, et al. MoS2/graphene cocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light irradiation. ACS Nano, 2014, 8(7): 7078–7087
Chen W, Chu M, Gao L, et al. Ni(OH)2 loaded on TaON for enhancing photocatalytic water splitting activity under visible light irradiation. Applied Surface Science, 2015, 324: 432–437
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51602091) and the Project of Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province (182102210228).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, W., Liu, X., Wei, S. et al. In situ growth of a-few-layered MoS2 on CdS nanorod for high efficient photocatalytic H2 production. Front. Energy 15, 752–759 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-021-0779-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-021-0779-3