Abstract
Soybean oil is the second most-produced vegetable oil worldwide. To enhance the nutritional quality and oxidative stability of soybean oil, many soybean breeding programs are trying to increase oleic acid content and reduce linoleic and linolenic acid contents. The fatty acid profile of soybean oil is controlled by many genes, including those which code for omega-3 and omega-6 desaturases. Mutations in GmFAD2-1 and GmFAD3 genes are widely studied and their combinations can produce soybean oil with high oleic and low linoleic and linolenic content. However, few studies evaluate the effect of these mutations on gene expression. Therefore, the present study sought to identify reference genes, evaluate the expression of GmFAD2-1 and GmFAD3 seed desaturase genes in thirteen wild-type and mutated soybean accessions, and associate the expression patterns with fatty acid composition and with the GmFAD2-1 and GmFAD3 genotypes. GmCONS7 and GmUKN2 were identified as the best reference genes for combined use to normalize data. The GmFAD2-1A mutation of PI603452 accession was associated with a decrease in gene expression of GmFAD2-1A; however, downregulation may not be due to the truncated enzyme structure alone. These results suggested that there are factors other than GmFAD2-1A and GmFAD2-1B that have a considerable effect on oleic content, at least in soybeans with mutations in these two genes.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Funding
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (granting doctoral scholarships) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Grant APQ-01416-16 and PPM-640-18 to MD).
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LCCS—experiment planning, development of F2 population, marker-assisted selection, interpretation of results, and manuscript writing. DBM—experiment planning, RNA extraction, and reverse transcriptase, RT-qPCR. RDB—searching of candidate genes, primers design, phenotyping. NDP—development of F2 population, advising. CR—interpretation of results and manuscript reviewing. MD-B—experiment planning, interpretation of results, manuscript reviewing, advising.
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10528_2021_10135_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx
Supplementary file1 (XLSX 11 kb) Supplementary Table 1 Information about soybean candidates for reference genes in desaturase expression analysis, and desaturase soybean seed genes evaluated for expression gene.
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Silva, L.C.C., Mayrink, D.B., Bueno, R.D. et al. Reference Genes and Expression Analysis of Seed Desaturases Genes in Soybean Mutant Accessions. Biochem Genet 60, 937–952 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-021-10135-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-021-10135-x