Abstract
In this study, CaO prepared by calcination treatment from abandoned Achatina fulica shell was used as a raw material, and the floral CaO/ZnO photocatalytic composite material was prepared through co-precipitation method. SEM study showed ZnO with spindle-like petals in the range of 500–1000 nm grown on the surface of CaO carrier. The mapping image shows that the base component of the floral structure is mainly CaO, which is because CaO is not only in the reaction as a carrier, but also creates an alkaline environment in the methanol system, which is advantageous for co-precipitation. UV-vis spectroscopy shows that the visible light absorption of composites has red shifts; besides, PL, EIS, and photocurrent test showed that the composites have stronger electronic hole separation capabilities. The visible light degradation test of rhodamine B showed that CaO/ZnO photocatalytic composite could degrade 90% of the pollutants in 25 min, superior to CaO and ZnO, exhibiting recyclability properties, which is a potential candidate with cost-effective and sustainable photocatalysts.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
Not applicable.
References
Andersen FA, Brečević L, Beuter G et al (1991) Infrared Spectra of Amorphous and Crystalline Calcium Carbonate. Acta Chem Scand 45:1018–1024. https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.45-1018
Chen L, Peng J, Wang F et al (2021) ZnO nanorods/Fe3O4-graphene oxide/metal-organic framework nanocomposite: recyclable and robust photocatalyst for degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:21799–21811. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12253-2
Guo T, Xu G, Tan S, Yang Z, Bu H, Fang G, Hou H, Li J, Pan L (2019) Controllable synthesis of ZnO with different morphologies and their morphology-dependent infrared emissivity in high temperature conditions. J Alloys Compd 804:503–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.011
He S, Zhang Y, Ren J et al (2020) Facile synthesis of TiO2@MoS2 hollow microtubes for removal of organic pollutants in water treatment. Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem Eng Asp 600:124900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124900
Jayaraman V, Sarkar D, Rajendran R et al (2019) Synergistic effect of band edge potentials on BiFeO3/V2O5 composite: Enhanced photo catalytic activity. J Environ Manage 247:104–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.041
Koe WS, Lee JW, Chong WC et al (2020) An overview of photocatalytic degradation: photocatalysts, mechanisms, and development of photocatalytic membrane. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:2522–2565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07193-5
Laskar IB, Rajkumari K, Gupta R, Chatterjee S, Paul B, Rokhum SL (2018) Waste snail shell derived heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production by the transesterification of soybean oil. RSC Adv 8:20131–20142. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA02397B
Ozer LY, Garlisi C, Oladipo H et al (2017) Inorganic semiconductors-graphene composites in photo(electro)catalysis: Synthetic strategies, interaction mechanisms and applications. J Photochem Photobiol C Photochem Rev 33:132–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.06.003
Pan L, Shen G-Q, Zhang J-W, Wei XC, Wang L, Zou JJ, Zhang X (2015)TiO2–ZnO composite sphere decorated with ZnO clusters for effective charge isolation in photocatalysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 54:7226–7232. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01471
Pastor A, Balbuena J, Cruz-Yusta M, Pavlovic I, Sánchez L (2019) ZnO on rice husk: a sustainable photocatalyst for urban air purification. Chem Eng J 368:659–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.03.012
Payra S, Challagulla S, Bobde Y et al (2019) Probing the photo- and electro-catalytic degradation mechanism of methylene blue dye over ZIF-derived ZnO. J Hazard Mater 373:377–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.053
Peter R, Salamon K, Omerzu A, Grenzer J, Badovinac IJ, Saric I, Petravic M (2020) Role of hydrogen-related defects in photocatalytic activity of ZnO films grown by atomic layer deposition. J Phys Chem C 124:8861–8868. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c01519
Phuruangrat A, Thongtem T, Thongtem S (2014) Controlling morphologies and growth mechanism of hexagonal prisms with planar and pyramid tips of ZnO microflowers by microwave radiation. Ceram Int 40:9069–9076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.01.120
Phuruangrat A, Thongtem S, Thongtem T (2016)Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis and photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoplates and microflowers. Mater Des 107:250–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.06.045
Phuruangrat A, Siri S, Wadbua P et al (2019)Microwave-assisted synthesis, photocatalysis and antibacterial activity of Ag nanoparticles supported on ZnO flowers. J Phys Chem Solids 126:170–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2018.11.007
Pooladi A, Bazargan-Lari R (2020) Simultaneous removal of copper and zinc ions by chitosan/hydroxyapatite/nano-magnetite composite. J Mater Res Technol 9:14841–14852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.10.057
Promdet P, Quesada-Cabrera R, Sathasivam S, Li J, Jiamprasertboon A, Guo J, Taylor A, Carmalt CJ, Parkin IP (2019) High defect nanoscale ZnO films with polar facets for enhanced photocatalytic performance. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2:2881–2889. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b00326
Puspitasari P, Fauzi AF, Susanto H, Permanasari AA, Gayatri RW, Razak JA, Abdillah Pratama MM (2021) Phase identification and morphology of CaCO3/CaO from Achatina Fulica snail shell as the base material for hydroxyapatite. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 1034:012128. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1034/1/012128
Roschat W, Siritanon T, Kaewpuang T, Yoosuk B, Promarak V (2016) Economical and green biodiesel production process using river snail shells-derived heterogeneous catalyst and co-solvent method. Bioresour Technol 209:343–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.038
Sankar KV, Ashok M (2020) Significantly enhanced photo catalytic activities of PbBi2Nb2O9(Bulk)/TiO2(Nano) hetero structured composites for methylene blue dye degradation under visible light. Mater Chem Phys 244:122659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.122659
Tissera ND, Wijesena RN, Sandaruwan CS, de Silva RM, de Alwis A, de Silva KMN (2018) Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticle encapsulated poly(acrylonitrile) nanofibers. Mater Chem Phys 204:195–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.10.035
Funding
This work was funded by the Jilin Province Innovation Capacity Building Fund Project (2020C024-5), major special science and technology project of pollution control and ecological restoration in Liaohe River Basin of Jilin Province (20200503002SF), Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Project (20200708107YY), and National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFC0409102-2).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Qiushi Jiang: Writing (original draft preparation), investigation, and validation. Zhaolian Han: Conceptualization, methodology, investigation, and formal analysis. Yafeng Yuan: Investigation, conceptualization, and methodology. Zhiqiang Cheng: Project administration, writing (reviewing and editing), and funding acquisition.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publish
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible editor: Santiago V. Luis
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary information
ESM 1
(DOCX 280 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jiang, ., Han, Z., Yuan, Y. et al. Preparation and properties of floral CaO/ZnO composite from Achatina fulica snail shell. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 61841–61847 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16260-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16260-9