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Tunable Terahertz Wavelength Conversion Based on Optofluidic Infiltrated Rib Silicon Waveguides

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Abstract

Terahertz (THz) sources have attracted special attention for various applications. Compared to the standard silica-based optical fibers, silicon waveguides have more advantages such as higher refractive index and lower absorption loss over the THz region. In this paper, for the first time, a rib silicon waveguide based on the photonic crystal (PC) idea is designed and by using the scalar modulation instability (SMI) phenomenon, tunable wavelength conversion for THz wave generation is simulated. By changing the structural parameters such as the air-hole diameter of the PC and infiltration of optical fluids into the air holes, linear and nonlinear characteristics of the waveguide are controlled and hence the generated THz radiation is considered as a tunable source. Simulation presents that the maximum converted wavelength, 326.17 μm, is obtained when the air-hole diameter is set at d = 0.86 μm and the pump wavelength is in the normal dispersion regime. Also, we have infiltrated optical fluids into PC air holes in order to change the dispersion properties of the waveguide while keeping the geometrical parameters unchanged. This led to converted wavelengths of 70.5, 76.8 and 107.5 μm, all located in the THz region. The loss of this waveguide is less than 0.8\( \raisebox{1ex}{$ dB$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$ cm$}\right. \), which is less than that of previously reported in similar silicon waveguides.

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Data are available on request from the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran

    H. Pakarzadeh & S. Hosseinabadi

  2. Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    I. S. Amiri

Authors
  1. H. Pakarzadeh
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  2. S. Hosseinabadi
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  3. I. S. Amiri
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, simulation results and analysis were performed by H. Pakarzadeh and S. Hosseinabadi. The first draft of the manuscript was written by S. Hosseinabadi and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to I. S. Amiri.

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Pakarzadeh, H., Hosseinabadi, S. & Amiri, I.S. Tunable Terahertz Wavelength Conversion Based on Optofluidic Infiltrated Rib Silicon Waveguides. Silicon 14, 6097–6106 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01278-y

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