Abstract
Many quinoline (QL) derivatives are present in the environment and pose potential threats to human health and ecological safety. The acute toxicity of 30 haloquinolines (HQs) was examined using the photobacterium Vibrio fischeri. IC50 values (inhibitory concentration for 50% luminescence elimination) were in the range 5.52 to >200 mg·L−1. The derivative 5-BrQL exhibited the highest toxicity, with 3-ClQL, 3-BrQL, 4-BrQL, 5-BrQL, 6-BrQL, and 6-IQL all having IC50 values below 10 mg·L−1. Comparative molecular field analysis modeling based on the steric and electrostatic field properties of the HQs was used to quantify the impact of halogen substituents on their toxicity. QL derivative rings with larger substituents at the 2/8-positions and less negative charge at the 4/5/6/8-positions were positively correlated with acute toxicity towards V. fischeri.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their gratitude to Prof. Yuguo Du and Dongbin Wei for their help in 3D-QSAR modeling, and EditSprings (https://www.editsprings.com/) for the expert linguistic services provided.
Funding
This work was supported by the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XAB2020YW12) and the Ningxia Provincial Key Research and Development Program (2018BEG02001).
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Min Li performed the data analyses and wrote the manuscript; Yayao Wang performed the experiment; Lu Ma established the CoMFA model; Xingfu Yan and Qian Lei contributed significantly to analysis and manuscript preparation.
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Li, M., Wang, Y., Ma, L. et al. Dose-effect and structure-activity relationships of haloquinoline toxicity towards Vibrio fischeri. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 10858–10864 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16388-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16388-8