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Embodied, Situated, and Co-Constructed: Young Sexual Minority Men’s Experiences of Intersectional Identity and Minority Stress

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Abstract

Intersectionality, minority stress, and social ecological theories have all been important frameworks for understanding mechanisms that create and maintain sexual and gender minority health disparities. In this study, we integrated these frameworks to guide a grounded theory examination of identity-related experiences in specific settings among 33 Black, White, and Latino young sexual minority cisgender men who lived in Chicago. Analyses identified four key categories: Racism Manifests in Context- and Sexual Minority-Specific Ways, Sexual Orientation Can Mean Feeling Safe and Seen or Threatened and Alone, Gender is a Matter of Self-Expression, and Bodies Are Not Always Made to Fit In. Participants reported both identity-based privilege and marginalization as well as unique forms of minority stress at the intersection of specific identities. Across these categories, participants’ experiences of their intersecting identities and associated forms of minority stress were embodied in their physical appearance, situated in specific neighborhoods and contexts, and co-constructed through their interpersonal interactions with others. Further, participants’ narratives provide powerful insights about the nuanced ways in which young sexual minority men understand and negotiate their lived experiences. Findings highlight how experiences of identity and minority stress are both intersectional and located within specific social ecological contexts, which has important implications for research, clinical practice, and advocacy.

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Funding

National Institute on Drug Abuse Grants F31DA040524, K08DA037825, and U01DA939 provided funding for this article.

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Contributions

E.M. conceived the study. E.M. and M.B. designed and conducted the study. E.M. and P.T. analyzed the qualitative data. All authors contributed to writing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Elizabeth A. McConnell.

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This manuscript represents original work that is not previously published or being considered for publication in any other source, and no other work has been published using the same data. APA ethical standards were followed in the conduct of the study and we received Institutional Review Board approval for the conduct of this study.

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All participants provided informed consent prior to participating in the study.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

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McConnell, E.A., Tull, P. & Birkett, M. Embodied, Situated, and Co-Constructed: Young Sexual Minority Men’s Experiences of Intersectional Identity and Minority Stress. Sex Roles 85, 606–624 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-021-01238-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-021-01238-1

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