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Neuroinflammation Mediates Faster Brachial Plexus Regeneration in Subjects with Cerebral Injury

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Abstract

Our previous investigation suggested that faster seventh cervical nerve (C7) regeneration occurs in patients with cerebral injury undergoing contralateral C7 transfer. This finding needed further verification, and the mechanism remained largely unknown. Here, Tinel’s test revealed faster C7 regeneration in patients with cerebral injury, which was further confirmed in mice by electrophysiological recordings and histological analysis. Furthermore, we identified an altered systemic inflammatory response that led to the transformation of macrophage polarization as a mechanism underlying the increased nerve regeneration in patients with cerebral injury. In mice, we showed that, as a contributing factor, serum amyloid protein A1 (SAA1) promoted C7 regeneration and interfered with macrophage polarization in vivo. Our results indicate that altered inflammation promotes the regenerative capacity of the C7 nerve by altering macrophage behavior. SAA1 may be a therapeutic target to improve the recovery of injured peripheral nerves.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (81525009), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81830063, 81801363, and 81901419), the Priority Among Priorities of Shanghai Municipal Clinical Medicine Center (2017ZZ01006), the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0840100 and 2017YFC0840106), the Technology Innovation Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, China (18411950100), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M661369 and 2020T130110), and a Research Project Funded by Shanghai Health and Family Planning Commission, China (20184Y0111 and 201640176).

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Author notes

  1. Fan Su, Guobao Wang and Tie Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China

    Fan Su, Guobao Wang, Tie Li, Su Jiang, Aiping Yu & Wendong Xu

  2. Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China

    Fan Su, Guobao Wang, Tie Li, Su Jiang, Aiping Yu, Xiaomin Wang & Wendong Xu

  3. The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China

    Fan Su, Tie Li & Wendong Xu

  4. Institute of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China

    Fan Su, Tie Li & Wendong Xu

  5. Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 226000, Nantong, China

    Wendong Xu

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  1. Fan Su
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  2. Guobao Wang
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Correspondence to Wendong Xu.

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Su, F., Wang, G., Li, T. et al. Neuroinflammation Mediates Faster Brachial Plexus Regeneration in Subjects with Cerebral Injury. Neurosci. Bull. 37, 1542–1554 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-021-00769-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-021-00769-7

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