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Using Flavivirus-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies to Study the Antigenic Structure of Flaviviruses and Develop Anti-Flavivirus Drugs

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Abstract

Flaviviruses, the viruses in the Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family, cause diseases with varying degrees of severity in human beings, including fevers (Yellow fever, Dengue fever, West Nile fever, Zika fever, etc.) and encephalites (tick-borne encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, Powassan encephalitis, etc.). Preventive vaccines have been produced against only some of these infectious agents, with their development being mainly hindered by the neurovirulence of flaviviruses, as well as by a long-known phenomenon, namely, the antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection characteristic of these viruses. The use of serum therapy in the case of flaviviruses has several limitations. Donor blood. which serves as a raw material to obtain specific immunoglobulins, is always a limited resource, and different blood samples are not standardized by the level of protective antibodies they contain. The risk of ADE is also a significant limitation. A number of technologies are currently available that allow searching for antibodies with desired biological characteristics, such as high efficiency and broad neutralization ability with no ADE induction. This paper discusses the monoclonal antibodies obtained using cell engineering techniques including hybridoma mouse, recombinant chimeric (humanized) mouse/human or primate/human, and recombinant wholly human antibodies, which are currently studied in vitro and in vivo as potential therapeutic agents inhibiting the entry of flaviviruses into sensitive host cells and/or restricting their replication.

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Funding

This work was supported by a state order to the Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559, Koltsovo, Russia

    V. S. Nesmeianova, D. N. Sherbakov & E. I. Kazachinskaia

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  1. V. S. Nesmeianova
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  2. D. N. Sherbakov
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  3. E. I. Kazachinskaia
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Correspondence to V. S. Nesmeianova.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. No experimentation involving animals or human beings was performed by any of the authors.

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Translated by E. Martynova

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Nesmeyanova V.S.: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1091-3586; e-mail: nesmeyanova_vs@vector.nsc.ru

Shcherbakov D.N.: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8023-4453; e-mail: dnshcherbakov@gmail.com

Kazachinskaya E.I.: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-6147; e-mail: alenakaz@vector.nsc.ru

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Nesmeianova, V.S., Sherbakov, D.N. & Kazachinskaia, E.I. Using Flavivirus-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies to Study the Antigenic Structure of Flaviviruses and Develop Anti-Flavivirus Drugs. Mol. Genet. Microbiol. Virol. 36, 57–67 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821020051

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0891416821020051

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