The surface tension and interfacial composition of water/ethanol mixture
Section snippets
Preamble
The nature of the surface tension has fascinated many generations of scientists. In 1830, Gauss summarised the earlier works of Young and Laplace to describe the surface tension via the difference in density. The Young-Laplace-Gauss equation treats the interface between two fluids as a static surface with a zero thickness, also known as a capillary surface [1]. However, the theory cannot describe the interfacial layer, which is central to surface science. By the 19th century, it was well
Theoretical model and results
The surface tension of the liquid mixture is given by linear interpolation of the molar composition of the interfacial layer, as proposed by Eberhart [13]. The rule has been validated for water/ethanol by neutron reflectometry [7] and simulations [14]. The surface tension of water/ethanol for a given bulk molar fraction, x, is given by:
Where Sa is the ethanol molar composition of the interfacial layer, γ(x), γa and γw are the surface tension of mixture, pure ethanol and pure
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Chi M. Phan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Visualization.
Declaration of Competing Interest
The author declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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