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Multi-objective optimization design of B-pillar and rocker sub-systems of battery electric vehicle

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Abstract

B-pillar and rocker are the key force transmission sub-systems of the side impact of battery electric vehicle (BEV), and scholars have studied the side crashworthiness of these sub-systems and vehicle body a lot. However, these works are insufficient on the analysis of benchmarking vehicle models, the simulation and experiment of the B-pillar and rocker sub-systems, and the optimization of these sub-systems. To make up these shortcomings, this work aims to design the B-pillar and the rocker and improve the side crashworthiness of BEV. It presents a systematic method on the side crashworthiness of BEV. The dynamic bending performance of the B-pillar and the rocker are studied in simulation analyses and experiments. The materials, structures, and crashworthiness of these two sub-systems of eleven benchmark models are studied. Minimizing structural mass and cost as well as maximizing mean crushing force are performed based on multi-objective artificial tree algorithm to optimize the B-pillar and the rocker. The optimized sub-systems are applied to the body of a BEV. As a result, the performance of the B-pillar and the rocker is significantly improved, and their optimal solution templates are provided. The performance of the BEV is also improved under the advanced European mobile deformable barrier side impact and the oblique pole side impact. Some interesting conclusions for BEV are presented. In summary, this work has obvious reference value for automotive engineers and scholars to further study the crashworthiness and lightweight of BEV.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 52005054 and 51875049), the Science Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body (Grant Number 32015012), and the Hunan Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (Grant Number 2019JJ20017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, Hunan, People’s Republic of China

    Qiqi Li, Lijia Wu, Lin Hu, Fang Wang & Tiefang Zou

  2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People’s Republic of China

    Qiqi Li & Tao Chen

  3. School of Science, Engineering & Design, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK

    Eric Li

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  1. Qiqi Li
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  2. Lijia Wu
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  4. Eric Li
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  5. Lin Hu
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Correspondence to Lin Hu.

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We declare that we do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted.

Replication of results

The detailed information of the modeling method and the software applied in this paper can be found in the corresponding sections, and the optimization algorithm presented in this work is the reproduction of an already published method. The necessary data of the models can be found in the corresponding text and tables of this paper. Moreover, the stress–strain curves of ultra-high-strength steels DP980, QP980, and DP1180 are available upon request.

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Li, Q., Wu, L., Chen, T. et al. Multi-objective optimization design of B-pillar and rocker sub-systems of battery electric vehicle. Struct Multidisc Optim 64, 3999–4023 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-021-03073-0

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