Abstract
Mango, an important fruit crop of the tropical and subtropical regions shows alternate bearing in most varieties causing a financial loss to the farmer. Genetic reasons for this undesirable trait have not been studied so far. In our attempts to investigate the genetic reasons for alternate bearing we have initiated studies on genes associated with the induction, repression and regulation of flowering in mango. We have previously identified and characterized FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) genes that induce flowering and two TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1) genes that repress flowering. In this communication, we have explored the association of GI-FKF1-CDF1-CO module with the regulation of flowering in mango. The role of this module in regulating flowering has been well documented in photoperiod sensitive plants. We have characterized these genes and their expressions during flowering in Ratna variety as also their diurnal fluctuations and tissue specific expressions. The data taken together suggest that GI-FKF1-CDF1-CO module may also be employed by mango in regulating its flowering. Further, we suggest that the temperature dependent flowering in mango is probably associated with the presence of temperature sensitive elements present in the promoter region of one of the GIGANTEA genes that have been shown to be closely associated with floral induction.
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taken from mango genome published by Wang et al 2020), Arabidopsis (AtGI) and citrus (CsGI) showing the nuclear localization region containing four clusters of basic amino groups shown in red colored letters (and black line at top) and red/black color triangle indicating junction between amino acid 749 to 750 whose disruption disturbs the function of GI. Red line box indicates the presence of two additional amino acids in MiGI2 accounting for the difference of two amino acids between the two genes. The full sequence of GIs is given in Supplementary Fig. 2. B Boxshade alignment of deduced amino acid sequences of CONSTANS LIKE (CO) protein family including mango (MiCO1 and MiCO2), mango SiJiMi (MiCO S), TaiNong No. 1 (MiCO T), citrus (CsCOL4) and Arabidopsis (AtCO1, AtCOL1). B-box1, B-box2 and CCT domain are indicated in the figure.
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Acknowledgements
We are deeply thankful to late Dr. B. H. Jain, founder architect of Jain Irrigation Systems (JISL) for motivation and encouragement to initiate this project and to provide all necessary facilities. We are also thankful to the chairman and management of JISL for all financial support. Authors are also thankful to Dr Abdul Azeez for his valuable guidance during the initial study on MiGI1.
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Research was funded by internal sources of Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd.
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PVS and BK conceived and designed the research. SIP and SNV conducted the experiments and performed bioinformatics analysis. SIP, SNV, BK and PVS wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Patil, S.I., Vyavahare, S.N., Krishna, B. et al. Studies on the expression patterns of the circadian rhythm regulated genes in mango. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27, 2009–2025 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01053-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01053-8