Superparamagnetic core–shell electrospun scaffolds with sustained release of IONPs facilitating in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration

Shuying Hu; Hanbang Chen; Fang Zhou; Jun Liu; Yunzhu Qian; Ke Hu; Jia Yan; Zhuxiao Gu; Zhaobin Guo; Feimin Zhang; Ning Gu

doi:10.1039/D1TB01261D

Superparamagnetic core–shell electrospun scaffolds with sustained release of IONPs facilitating in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration†

Shuying Hu,^a Hanbang Chen,^a Fang Zhou,^a Jun Liu,^a Yunzhu Qian,^b Ke Hu,^c Jia Yan,^a Zhuxiao Gu,^d Zhaobin Guo,^e Feimin Zhang

*^a and Ning Gu^f

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* Corresponding authors

^a Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
E-mail: fmzhang@njmu.edu.cn

^b Center of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China

^c Laboratory of Oral Regenerative Medicine Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China

^d Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China

^e Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA

^f State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China

Abstract

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a promising approach to recover insufficient bone in dental implantations. However, the clinical application of BTE scaffolds is limited by their low mechanical strength and lack of osteoinduction. In an attempt to circumvent these limitations and improve osteogenesis, we introduced magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) into a core–shell porous electrospun scaffold and evaluated their impact on the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the scaffold. We used poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/polycaprolactone/beta-tricalcium phosphate (PPT) scaffolds with and without γ-Fe₂O₃ encapsulation, namely PPT–Fe scaffolds and PPT scaffolds, respectively. The γ-Fe₂O₃ used in the PPT–Fe scaffolds was coated with polyglucose sorbitol carboxymethylether and was biocompatible. Structurally, PPT–Fe scaffolds showed uniform iron distribution encapsulated within the resorbable PPT scaffolds, and these scaffolds supported sustainable iron release. Furthermore, compared with PPT scaffolds, PPT–Fe scaffolds showed significantly better physical and mechanical properties, including wettability, superparamagnetism, hardness, tensile strength, and elasticity modulus. In vitro tests of rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rADSCs) seeded onto the scaffolds showed increased expression of integrin β1, alkaline phosphatase, and osteogenesis-related genes. In addition, enhanced in vivo bone regeneration was observed after implanting PPT–Fe scaffolds in rat calvarial bone defects. Thus, we can conclude that the incorporation of IONPs into porous scaffolds for long-term release can provide a new strategy for BTE scaffold optimization and is a promising approach that can offer enhanced osteogenic capacity in clinical applications.

Journal of Materials Chemistry B

Superparamagnetic core–shell electrospun scaffolds with sustained release of IONPs facilitating in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration†

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Superparamagnetic core–shell electrospun scaffolds with sustained release of IONPs facilitating in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration

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