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Effects 10 years elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil bacterial community structure in Sanjiang Plain, Northeastern China

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Abstract

Aims

This study was conducted over 10 years using an open top chamber experiment in the Sanjiang Plain to explore the impact of environmental parameters and bacterial community composition and structure under long-term conditions of elevated CO2 concentrations (eCO2, 550 μmol·mol−1).

Methods

Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA was used to determine soil bacterial communities over the long-term in the Sanjiang Plain. Vegetation characteristics and soil properties were also investigated.

Results

Dominant bacterial group was Proteobacteria, accounting for 23.52–39.03%, while there were remarkable changes in the bacterial community composition. eCO2 increased the relative abundance of Subgroup_6 and decreased those of AD3 and Candidatus_Udaeobacter. These variations might be related to gene functions. A redundancy analysis indicated that there was a strong relationship between dominant bacterial phyla and environmental factors (photosynthetic rate, aboveground biomass and stomatal conductance). Structural equation model (SEM) showed that eCO2 and year both affected the soil bacterial community. In contrast, the short-term had greater impacts on the bacterial community under eCO2 compared with the long-term via indirect effects on vegetation and soil characteristics.

Conclusions

eCO2 affect soil bacterial community through indirect effects on soil nutrient content and vegetation characteristics in the short-term whereas showed adaptability to eCO2 in the long term.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

One-way analysis of variance

ABG:

Aboveground biomass

CK:

Control check

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

eCO2 :

Elevated CO2 levels

DOC:

Dissolved organic carbon

G s :

Stomatal conductance

LSD:

Least significant difference

MC:

Moisture content

NH4 +N:

Soil ammonium

NO3 −N:

Soil nitrate

OTC:

Open-top chamber

OTUs:

Operational taxonomic units

PCoA:

Principal coordinate analysis

PICRUSt2:

Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states

P n :

Photosynthetic rate

RDA:

Redundancy analysis

RMSEA:

Root mean square error of approximation

SEM:

Structural equation model

SR:

Soil respiration

TN:

Total nitrogen

UPGMA:

Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Science Foundation (LBH-Z20107, LBH-Z19102), the Natural Sciences Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (LH2021C004, LH2021C080), the Outstanding Youth Fund of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences (CXJQ2020ZR03, CXJQ2020ZR01), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2572018BE05) and Institute of basic applied technology, Heilongjiang province (ZNBZ2019ZR05). We thank the editor and anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on previous versions of this manuscript.

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  1. Yining Wu and He Wang contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road, 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People’s Republic of China

    Yining Wu, He Wang, Nan Xu & Hongfei Zou

  2. Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Harbin, China

    Yining Wu, Jinbo Li & Junhui Xing

  3. Harbin University, Harbin, China

    Nan Xu

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Wu, Y., Wang, H., Xu, N. et al. Effects 10 years elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil bacterial community structure in Sanjiang Plain, Northeastern China. Plant Soil 471, 73–87 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05115-4

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