Abstract
The cumulative damage effects of surrounding rock under single full-face blasting and multiple full-face blasting of a large cross-section tunnel are comparatively studied in this paper. The damage processes of the single and multiple full-face blasting of the tunnel are simulated by the established rock damage model embedded into the LS-DYNA computer code through its user subroutines and a cumulative damage simulation technology in the LS-DYNA. The simulation results are verified against field test data. The results demonstrate that the numerically predicted peak particle velocity (PPV) of the surrounding rock under multiple full-face blasting is more consistent with field test data than that under single full-face blasting, which indicates the advantages of multiple full-face blasting in comparison to single full-face blasting in simulating the blasting process of a tunnel. The maximum damage depth in the middle of the tunnel invert is mostly affected by multiple full-face blasting. Both the maximum damage depth and the maximum PPV occur in the middle of the tunnel invert under single and multiple full-face blasting. Based on the defined damage threshold Dcr and the modeled maximum damage depth of the surrounding rock, the influence of initiation sequence on the critical PPV for rock damage is analyzed, and a critical PPV of rock damage is proposed to provide a safety criterion for tunnel blasting excavation.
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Abbreviations
- d c :
-
Explosive diameter
- d b :
-
Blasthole diameter
- r b :
-
Blasthole radius
- r s :
-
Crushed zone radius
- r f :
-
Fracture zone radius
- S :
-
Spacing between adjacent blastholes per delay
- K :
-
Radial decoupling coefficient of blasthole
- l :
-
Axial decoupling coefficient of blasthole
- ρ 0 :
-
Explosive density
- ρ :
-
Rock density
- P D :
-
Explosive detonation pressure
- P 0 :
-
Peak pressure
- P 0 (t):
-
Pressure–time history
- P be (t):
-
Equivalent pressure histories
- V D :
-
Explosive detonation velocity
- t :
-
Time
- t r :
-
Rising duration
- t d :
-
Total duration
- γ :
-
Isentropic index of explosive
- m :
-
Influence coefficient of group blastholes detonating
- n :
-
Pressure enlarging coefficient
- Q max :
-
Maximum charge per delay
- R :
-
Distance between monitoring point and blasting center
- D :
-
The modeled damage variable
- D T :
-
The tested damage variable
- α :
-
Material constant
- β :
-
Material constant
- a :
-
Material constant
- k :
-
Material constant
- λ :
-
Lame constant
- μ :
-
Poisson’s ratio for damaged material
- E :
-
Young’s modulus for damaged material
- \(\overline{G}\) :
-
Shear modulus for damaged material
- G :
-
Shear modulus for undamaged material
- \(\overline{K}\) :
-
Bulk modulus for damaged material
- K :
-
Bulk modulus for undamaged material
- σ st :
-
Static tensile strength of rock mass
- ɛ :
-
Equivalent accumulative extensional strain
- ɛ i :
-
Principal strain in the ith direction
- σ ij :
-
Stress tensor
- s ij :
-
Deviatoric stress tensor
- ε v :
-
Volumetric tensile strain
- C d :
-
Crack density parameter
- J 2 :
-
Second deviatoric invariant
- I 1 :
-
Hydrostatic pressure
- v 0 :
-
Acoustic wave speed of surrounding rock before blasting
- v :
-
Acoustic wave speed of surrounding rock after blasting
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, grant number 41972286); the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China (NSFH, grant number 2017CFB310). The financial support from NSFC and NSFH are gratefully acknowledged.
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Ji, L., Zhou, C., Lu, S. et al. Numerical Studies on the Cumulative Damage Effects and Safety Criterion of a Large Cross-section Tunnel Induced by Single and Multiple Full-Scale Blasting. Rock Mech Rock Eng 54, 6393–6411 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-021-02630-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-021-02630-9