Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Electrochemical Measurements for Assessing Corrosion of Metal Alloys in Molten LiF-NaF-KF and MgCl2-NaCl-KCl

  • Materials for Small Nuclear Reactors and Micro Reactors, including Space Reactors
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A method of ranking the rate of corrosion of metals in molten fluoride or chloride salts is proposed based on a zero-resistance ammeter (ZRA). The metal of interest for the corrosion study is shorted to a relatively noble metal counter electrode. Stainless steel 316 was tested in FLiNaK (LiF-NaF-KF). Haynes 230, stainless steel 316L, and Hastelloy C-22 were tested in MgCl2-NaCl-KCl. The ZRA oxidation current from SS-316L was reduced by 89% in FLiNaK after the addition of Li metal, which is known to reduce the redox potential. Post-test examination of metal surfaces and salt samples were also consistent with the relative ZRA current response in fluoride salt. Consistency was also observed between the relative ZRA response for the different metal alloys in the chloride salt and post-test analysis of metal and salt samples.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A.G. Fernández, M.I. Lasanta, and F.J. Pérez, Oxid. Met. 78(5), 329 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. G. Zheng, and K. Sridharan, JOM 70(8), 1535 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. O. Muránsky, C. Yang, H. Zhu, I. Karatchevtseva, P. Sláma, Z. Nový, and L. Edwards, Corros. Sci. 159, 108087 (2019).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Molten Salts Chemistry: From Lab to Applications (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2013).

    Google Scholar 

  5. R.O. Scarlat, and P.F. Peterson, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 733, 57 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. J.D. Stempien, R.G. Ballinger, and C.W. Forsberg, Nucl. Eng. Technol. 310, 258 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. P. Calderoni, P. Sharpe, H. Nishimura, and T. Terai, J. Nucl. Mater. 386, 1102 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Y. Wang, H. Liu, and C. Zeng, J. Fluor. Chem 165, 1 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. W. Ding, A. Bonk, and T. Bauer, Front. Chem. Sci. Eng. 12, 564 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. W.J. Burkhard, and J.D. Corbett, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 6361 (1957).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Y. Wang, S. Zhang, X. Ji, P. Wang, and W. Li, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 13, 4891 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Q. Dai, X.-X. Ye, H. Ai, S. Chen, L. Jiang, J. Liang, K. Yu, B. Leng, Z. Li, and X. Zhou, Corros. Sci. 133, 349 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Guo, J. Zhang, W. Wu, and W. Zhou, Prog. Mater. Sci. 97, 448 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Kondo, T. Nagasaka, Q. Xu, T. Muroga, A. Sagara, N. Noda, D. Ninomiya, M. Nagura, A. Suzuki, T. Terai, and N. Fujii, Fusion Eng. Des. 84, 1081 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. L. Olson, R. Fuentes, M. Martinez-Rodriguez, B. Garcia-Diaz, and J. Gray, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc. 110, 859 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  16. D. E. Holcomb and S. M. Cetiner. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2010.

  17. A. Nishikata, and S. Haruyama, Corrosion 42, 578 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. A. Nishikata, H. Numata, and T. Tsuru, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 146, 15 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Sarvghad, T.A. Steinberg, and G. Will, Sol. Energy 172, 198 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. J.L. Trinstancho-Reyes, M. Sanchez-Carrillo, R. Sandoval-Jabalera, V.M.O. Carmona, F. Almeraya-Calderon, J.G. Chacon-Nava, J. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, and A. Martinez-Villafane, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 6, 419 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  21. J. Qiu, A. Wu, Y. Li, Y. Xu, R. Scarlat, and D.D. Macdonald, Corros. Sci. 170, 108677 (2020).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. J. Zhang, C.W. Forsberg, M.F. Simpson, S. Guo, S.T. Lam, R.O. Scarlat, F. Carotti, K.J. Chan, P.M. Singh, W. Doniger, K. Sridharan, and J.R. Keiser, Corros. Sci. 144, 44 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Guo, N. Shay, Y. Wang, W. Zhou, and J. Zhang, J. Nucl. Mater. 496, 197 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. D. Olander, J. Nucl. Mater. 300, 270 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. A.J. Burak, and M.F. Simpson, JOM 68, 2639 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. T.H. Okabe, and D.R. Sadoway, J. Mater. Res. 13, 3372 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. F.-Y. Ouyang, C.-H. Chang, B.-C. You, T.-K. Yeh, and J.-J. Kai, J. Nucl. Mater. 437, 201 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge funding support for this project from the University of Utah’s College of Engineering. In addition, we acknowledge the value of insight gained from other project collaborations with Prof. Jinsuo Zhang from Virginia Tech, Dr. Kevin Robb from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Dr. Gus Merwin from Kairos Power, Dr. Michael Hanson from Kairos Power, and Dr. Alan Kruizenga from Kairos Power.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Suhee Choi, Andrew R. Strianese, Olivia Dale & Michael F. Simpson

Authors
  1. Suhee Choi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Andrew R. Strianese
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Olivia Dale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Michael F. Simpson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael F. Simpson.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Choi, S., Strianese, A.R., Dale, O. et al. Electrochemical Measurements for Assessing Corrosion of Metal Alloys in Molten LiF-NaF-KF and MgCl2-NaCl-KCl. JOM 73, 3544–3554 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-04843-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-04843-3

Search

Navigation