Natural-product-based pesticides: Semisynthesis, structural elucidation, and evaluation of new cholesterol–matrine conjugates as pesticidal agents

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Highlights

  • New conjugates of cholesterol and matrine were prepared as pesticide candidates.

  • Against Mythimna separata, IVa exhibited 3.0 and 2.6 folds promising insecticidal activity of cholesterol and matrine.

  • Against Aphis citricola, IVd showed 4.3 and 2.2 folds potent aphidicidal activity of cholesterol and matrine.

  • Against A. citricola, IVd also displayed good control effects in the greenhouse (3.8 and 2.0 folds of cholesterol and matrine).

  • Against Plutella xyllostella, IIIe exhibited 2.8 and 2.0 folds good oral toxicity of cholesterol and matrine.

Abstract

To develop new potential pesticide candidates from low value-added natural bioactive products, a series of new cholesterol–matrine conjugates (I(ae)–IV(ae)) were prepared from two lead compounds cholesterol and matrine. Against Mythimna separata Walker, compound IVa exhibited 3.0 and 2.6 folds promising insecticidal activity of cholesterol and matrine, respectively; against Aphis citricola Van der Goot, compound IVd showed 4.3 and 2.2 folds potent aphicidal activity of their precursors; notably, it also showed good control effects in the greenhouse; against Plutella xylostella Linnaeus at a dose of 20 μg/nymph, compound IIIe exhibited 2.8 and 2.0 folds oral toxicity of cholesterol and matrine, respectively. Compounds IIIe, IVd and IVe can be used as the leads for further structural optimization as the insecticidal and aphicidal agents.

Graphical abstract

To develop new natural bioactive-product-based potential pesticides, a series of new conjugates (I(ae)−IV(ae)) were prepared from two lead compounds cholesterol and matrine. Compounds IIIe, IVd and IVe can be used as the leads for further structural optimization as the insecticidal and aphicidal agents.

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Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgement

The work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21877090, 31672071).

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