Coexistence of cardiovascular risk factors and obstructive sleep apnoea in polysomnography

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2021.103782Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Aim. To assess relationship between CVRF and OSA.

  • There is a proportional relationship between CVRF number and AHI.

  • Obesity, arterial hypertension and smoking are independent predictors of OSA.

Abstract

Objectives

The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between the coexistence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and the incidence and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).

Methods

The study involved 88 people, aged 53.76 ± 12.59 years. A questionnaire, basic anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, standard laboratory tests (total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose) and polysomnography were performed. Each patient was assessed for the presence of CVRFs: i.e. obesity, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, type 2 diabetes and smoking. OSA was diagnosed based on the apnoea and hypopnea index (AHI) in polysomnography.

Results

It was documented that the mean AHI values were significantly higher in obese patients than in non-obese patients, in patients with arterial hypertension than in patients without hypertension, in patients with hypercholesterolaemia than in patients without hypercholesterolaemia and in patients declaring smoking than in non-smoking patients. The correlation analysis revealed a significant positive linear relationship between the number of CVRFs and the AHI value in polysomnography (r = 0.40, p < 0.05). Based on the regression analysis, it was documented that obesity, arterial hypertension and smoking are independent predictors of higher AHI values.

Conclusions

In the study group of patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, there is a directly proportional relationship between the number of cardiovascular risk factors and the AHI index in polysomnography.

Keywords

Obstructive sleep apnea
Apnea-hypopnea index
Cardiovascular risk factors
Obesity
Arterial hypertension
Hypercholesterolemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Type 2 diabetes
Smoking

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