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Fusariosis in rubber tree: pathogenic, morphological, and molecular characterization of the causal agent

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Abstract

Fusariosis, one of the phytosanitary problems found in rubber producing areas in the northwest of the state of São Paulo, is a disease that affects the bark of the adult plants, affecting the exploitation of latex. The typical symptoms appear as cracks in the bark that expand from the rootstock towards the tapping panel, causing a drying of the latex flux in the injured region, impeding latex tapping. Due to the recent incidence of this disease in rubber plantations, the goal of this study was to characterize the Fusarium associated with symptomatic rubber tissue in three different locations in the state of São Paulo. In order to identify Fusarium species, pathogenicity, morphological, cultural and molecular studies were carried out. A total of 51 isolates were obtained and separated into three groups based on macroconidium morphology, presence or absence of sporodochia, types of chlamydospores, formation of phialides and conidiogenesis of microconidia and mesoconidia, mycelial growth rate and coloring of the colonies. These groups were corroborated using DNA sequence information for five different genetic loci, and were subsequently recognized as Fusarium oxysporum, F. incarnatum and F. decemcellulare. Our results further showed that all 51 of the Fusarium isolates recovered were pathogenic to rubber tree seedlings of RRIM 600 standard clone. This study also reports for the presence of F. oxysporum and F. incarnatum in rubber plantations in the state of São Paulo and in Brazil.

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Acknowledgments

We thank to Prof. Dr. Tsutomu Arie and all his team for guidance and collaboration in morphological and molecular studies and for giving in, kindly, the Fo304 and F880621a-1 isolates for the pathogenicity study, we also thank to Capes (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) and Jasso (Japan Student Services Organization) by the financial support and to CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences – UNESP, Lageado Experimental Farm, Av. Universitária, n. 3780, Altos do Paraíso, 18.610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Marília Pizetta, Caroline Geraldi Pierozzi & Edson Luiz Furtado

  2. Graduate School of Agriculture, Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Yu Ayukawa, Takeshi Kashiwa, Ken Komatsu, Tohru Teraoka & Tsutomu Arie

  3. Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan

    Yu Ayukawa

  4. Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan

    Takeshi Kashiwa

  5. Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Ken Komatsu & Tsutomu Arie

Authors
  1. Marília Pizetta
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  2. Caroline Geraldi Pierozzi
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  3. Yu Ayukawa
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  4. Takeshi Kashiwa
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  5. Ken Komatsu
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  6. Tohru Teraoka
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  7. Tsutomu Arie
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  8. Edson Luiz Furtado
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Correspondence to Marília Pizetta.

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This manuscript is part of a doctoral studies developed by the principal author (Marilia Pizetta), which is the reason it was published on the University’s platform, available at the following website:

https://repositorio.unesp.br/bitstream/handle/11449/151443/pizetta_m_dr_bot_int.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y (in Portuguese). In addition, this manuscript has not been submitted to any other Journal so far.

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Pizetta, M., Pierozzi, C.G., Ayukawa, Y. et al. Fusariosis in rubber tree: pathogenic, morphological, and molecular characterization of the causal agent. Eur J Plant Pathol 161, 769–782 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02362-0

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