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Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf of the interspecific hybrid of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King × S. mahagoni (L.) Jacq.)

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Abstract

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A protocol for somatic embryogenesis here described, open the possibility for the clonal propagation of selected trees of the natural hybrid of mahogany Swietenia macrophylla King ×  S. mahagoni (L.) Jacq.

Abstract

Young leaves were collected from greenhouse plants cloned from epicormic shoots of a 35-year-old interspecific hybrid of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King × S. mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) tree. All explants formed calli when cultured on a medium containing Murashige and Skoog salts, 3% sucrose (Lobachemie), 0.3% Phytagel (Sigma) and 4.52 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and regardless of the concentration of kinetin used (4.65, 9.29 or 13.94 µM). After 3 months, the calli were separated from the leaf segments and subcultured on differentiation medium. The greatest number of calli (38–40%) forming somatic embryos, after 6 months of culture, was obtained on the differentiation media containing 4.44 or 6.66 µM benzyladenine (BA). Secondary or repetitive somatic embryogenesis was achieved when primary cotyledonary somatic embryos were subcultured on fresh medium of the same composition as differentiation medium containing 4.44 µM BA. Numerous cotyledonary somatic embryos were developed after 5 weeks of subculture on differentiation medium with decreased BA concentration (1.77 µM). Thereby, developed somatic embryos had different morphological features, which are described herein. The highest frequency of somatic embryo germination (62%) was obtained using half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.27 µM of BA plus 0.145 µM of gibberellic acid. Twenty-five percent of the plantlets developed normally in the greenhouse. In this study, a somatic embryogenesis system was established from leaf explants of a natural hybrid of mahogany Swietenia macrophylla King × S. mahagoni (L.) Jacq was established, hence opening the possibility for the clonal propagation of selected trees of this natural hybrid.

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Abbreviations

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

ET:

Embryogenic tissue

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

Kn:

Kinetin

MS:

Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium

SE:

Somatic embryogenesis

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Estefania Carrillo and Angel Aller for the revision of the manuscript and literature supplies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIAP, Av. Eloy Alfaro N30-350 y Amazonas, Quito, Ecuador

    Elisa Quiala & Saúl Mestanza

  2. Instituto de Biotecnología de Las Plantas, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de La Villas, Carretera a Camajuaní, km 5,5, Santa Clara, Cuba

    Raúl Barbón & Mariana La O

  3. Estación Experimental Agroforestal Placetas, Instituto de Investigaciones Agroforestales, Villa Clara, Cuba

    Gardenis Merlan

  4. Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Panamericana sur km 11/2, Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador

    Jenny Nuñez-Ramos & Michel Leiva

  5. Sociedad de Investigación Y Servicios BioTECNOS Ltda, Camino a Pangal km 2,5, San Javier, Chile

    Naivy Pérez

  6. Florida Crystals Corp, 25550 State Road 880 Atlantic Sugar Mill Rd, Belle Glade, FL, 33430, USA

    Elio Jiménez

  7. Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Belize, Central America, Belmopan, Belize

    Dion Daniels

  8. Biología Celular Y Molecular de Plantas/Biotecnología Industrial Y Bioproductos, Departamento de Ciencias de La Vida Y de La Agricultura, Universidad de Las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador

    Carlos Noceda

  9. Non-Institutional Competence Focus (NICFocus) ‘Functional Cell Reprogramming and Organism Plasticity’ (FunCROP), Coordinated From Foros de Vale de Figueira, Alentejo, Portugal

    Carlos Noceda

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  1. Elisa Quiala
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  2. Raúl Barbón
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  9. Elio Jiménez
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Correspondence to Elisa Quiala.

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Conflict of interest

All benefits in any form from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript are property of the Plant Biotechnology Institute of the Central University Marta Abreu, Cuba. Funding for research support was obtained from the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (CITMA, Cuba) grant number P131LH0010085. Funding for manuscript writing and publication was provided for the National Institute for Agricultural Research (INIAP, Ecuador). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Swietenia natural hybrid propagation does not represent any ethical or legal concerns.

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Quiala, E., Barbón, R., Mestanza, S. et al. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf of the interspecific hybrid of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King × S. mahagoni (L.) Jacq.). Trees 36, 167–178 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02192-x

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