Original InvestigationPopulation Epidemiology of Hyperkalemia: Cardiac and Kidney Long-term Health Outcomes
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Section snippets
Methods
We reported this study according to the STROBE guidelines.29 Permissions for the use of unconsented, pseudonymized, routinely collected health data were provided by North of Scotland Research Ethics Committee (18/NS/0051), Grampian Caldicott guardian, and National Health Service (NHS) Research and Development.
Annual Incidence of Hyperkalemia
Over a 3-year period of monitoring adults at risk within the Grampian population, we identified 13,482 people with a first hyperkalemia event at a threshold of potassium ≥5.5 mmol/L (Table 1). Using alternative hyperkalemia thresholds, there were 59,571 first hyperkalemia events at ≥5.0 mmol/L, 4,491 at ≥6.0 mmol/L, and 2,016 at ≥6.5 mmol/L. These definitions corresponded to respective annual incidence rates per 100 person-years of 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94-0.98) at ≥5.5 mmol/L versus 4.24 (95% CI,
Discussion
Although hyperkalemia is a recognized clinical emergency, the full population burden, context, and long-term implications of hyperkalemia have not been comprehensively studied. In this full regional population with complete capture of all blood potassium values, clinical contexts, and health outcomes, this analysis provides evidence of a greater burden related to hyperkalemia than reported in the previous literature. By capturing laboratory measures of hyperkalemia in all settings (hospital and
Article Information
Authors’ Full Names and Academic Degrees
Andrew Mclean, MBChB, Mintu Nath, PhD, and Simon Sawhney, MBChB, PhD.
Authors’ Contributions
Research idea and study design: AM, SS; data acquisition: SS; data analysis/interpretation: AM, MN, SS; statistical analysis: SS; supervision or mentorship: SS. Each author contributed important intellectual content during manuscript drafting or revision and accepts accountability for the overall work by ensuring that questions pertaining to the accuracy or integrity of any portion of the work are appropriately investigated
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