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Changes in the Structural-Phase State and Mechanical Properties of Ni3Al–Ni–NiAl Cast Alloys Containing Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, Rhenium, and Cobalt after Heat Treatment

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Abstract

The influence of the temperature–time parameters (temperature from 1000 to 1300°C, time from 1 to 500 h) of heat treatment (HT) of 〈001〉 and 〈111〉 single crystals of boron-free heterophase γ'-Ni3Al + γ‑Ni intermetallic (IM) alloys of the Ni–Al–Cr–Mo–W–Ti(Zr)–La system (VKNA-1V) and such alloys with cobalt and rhenium (VKNA-25) on their structure, fracture, and short-term and long-term strength is studied. The introduction of cobalt and rhenium or an increase in the cooling rate of the 〈001〉 single crystals in the range 30–300°C/min is found to decrease the sizes of the structural components of all levels. In addition, the rule derived for two- and three-component nickel-based alloys is shown to be valid for γ'-Ni3Al-based IM alloys: if an introduced alloying element (AE) increases the melting point Tm of the base metal (nickel), the AE distribution coefficient is kd > 1 and the AE enriches dendrite arms; if AE decreases Tm of nickel, we have kd < 1 and the AE enriches the interdendritic space. The AE dendritic microsegregation coefficients kd weakly depend on the cooling rate during solidification, and their values decrease in the following row: Re, W, Co, Mo, Al, and Ti. An increase in the time of low-temperature HT (T < Tsolvus) or an increase in the HT temperature to Tsolvus ≤ T ≤ Tsolidus leads to the “homogenization” of heterophase γ' + γ IM alloys. The dendritic microsegregation coefficients of all AEs except for Re approach unity, and interdendritic nonequilibrium \(\gamma _{{{\text{pr}}}}^{'}\) and γ' + β precipitates disappear. A homogeneous γ' + γ structure, which is characteristic of IM dendrites (γ'-phase regions of irregular shape separated by continuous or discontinuous γ-phase layers), forms. It differs from the structure of nickel superalloys. This type of homogenization decreases the durability as compared to the as-cast material, which retains the maximum microsegregation heterogeneity after short-term HT in order to relieve casting stresses.

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Funding

This work was performed according to state assignment no. 075-00746-19-00 and was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-03-00852_a).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    K. B. Povarova, A. A. Drozdov, A. E. Morozov, A. V. Antonova, M. A. Bulakhtina & N. A. Alad’ev

  2. Bardin Central Research Institute of Iron and Steel Industry, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Drozdov

  3. FGUP GNTs RF VIAM, Moscow, Russia

    O. A. Bazyleva

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  1. K. B. Povarova
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  2. A. A. Drozdov
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  3. O. A. Bazyleva
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Correspondence to K. B. Povarova.

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Translated by K. Shakhlevich

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Povarova, K.B., Drozdov, A.A., Bazyleva, O.A. et al. Changes in the Structural-Phase State and Mechanical Properties of Ni3Al–Ni–NiAl Cast Alloys Containing Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, Rhenium, and Cobalt after Heat Treatment. Russ. Metall. 2021, 842–855 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029521070090

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