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Numerical modelling approach for the feasibility of shore protection measures along the coast of Kavaratti Island, Lakshadweep archipelago

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Abstract

Erosion along Kavaratti Island has intensified in recent times due to infrastructure development and natural phenomenon. Numerical models were used to identify suitable foreshore protection structures, considering the near-shore coastal processes. For this purpose, shoreline change around the island was obtained from field surveys and results of the DSAS model. Subsequently, model simulations were conducted for the most appropriate use of structural protection measure to understand the change in hydrodynamics and sediment transport, which would ultimately result in stabilization of the Kavaratti Island coast. Based on the prevailing conditions, suitable site-specific coastal protection structures (e.g., groynes, revetment, breakwater, submerged geo-tubes structures and submerged breakwater) were assessed to determine the most feasible and suitable shore protection measure and observed the following: (a) Revetment and submerged geo-tube structure to be the most effective protection measures on the eastern part of the Kavaratti Island, (b) significant decrease in current speed from 0.48 to 0.05 m/s, and (c) significant decrease in wave height (from 2.5 to 0.3 m) and wave energy reduction about 50% from the prevailing conditions were observed. With this intervention, the existing shoreline of the island would at least be maintained, possibly preventing any further loss of land.

Research Highlights

  1. 1.

    Net erosion rate is − 1.2 m/yr and it shows − 1.36 m/yr in the lagoon side and − 2.35 m/yr in the eastern side.

  2. 2.

    Erosion hotspots are identified along the east and west coast. Highest erosion rate of − 4.23 m/yr was estimated in the eastern side of the island and on the southwest side of the chicken neck area (− 2.94 m/yr).

  3. 3.

    Assessment for shoreline change predictions was carried out using Gencade model during 2018–2028.

  4. 4.

    Revetment and submerged geo-tube breakwater are to be the most effective and feasible foreshore protection structure.

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(source: IIMP Report, NCSCM, 2015). (b–e) Existing foreshore protection measures along the east coast of Kavaratti Island.

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Acknowledgements

This study was undertaken as part of in-house research ‘Sentinel Site’ (# IR12005) of the National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM), Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Government of India. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the MoEF&CC under the World Bank aided India-ICZM Project (Rel. Proj. ID: India-Integrated Coastal Zone Management-P097985). Authors are grateful to Mary Divya Suganya G, Deepika B and Madhumitha R, Scientists, NCSCM for their valuable support during this study. The authors would like to sincerely thank the Lakshadweep Administration and Department of Science and Technology, Kavaratti for providing support during the field survey. This is NCSCM contribution number NCSCM/PUB/2021/0001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India

    T Pearlin Sam Jinoj, Subbareddy Bonthu, R S Robin, K Arumugam, R Purvaja & R Ramesh

  2. Department of Science and Technology, Kavaratti, 682 555, Union Territory of Lakshadweep, India

    K K Idrees Babu

Authors
  1. T Pearlin Sam Jinoj
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  2. Subbareddy Bonthu
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  3. R S Robin
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  4. K K Idrees Babu
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  5. K Arumugam
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  6. R Purvaja
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  7. R Ramesh
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Contributions

Pearlin Sam Jinoj T: Data curation, formal analysis, original draft. Subbareddy Bonthu: Conceptualization, data curation, original draft, review and editing. Robin R S: Data curation, review and editing. Idrees Babu K K: Data curation, review and editing. Arumugam K: Formal analysis. R Purvaja: Conceptualization, review and editing. R Ramesh: Project administration, review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R Ramesh.

Additional information

Communicated by C Gnanaseelan

This article is part of the Topical Collection: Advances in Coastal Research.

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Jinoj, T.P.S., Bonthu, S., Robin, R.S. et al. Numerical modelling approach for the feasibility of shore protection measures along the coast of Kavaratti Island, Lakshadweep archipelago. J Earth Syst Sci 130, 165 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-021-01665-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-021-01665-4

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