Abstract
The burial depth of the metamorphic buried hill of the Bozhong sag is more than 4 500 m, however, the controlling factors of the reservoirs are not clear. Based on cores and sidewall cores obtained from 15 wells, this paper describes the reservoir characteristics and discussed their controlling factors. The metamorphic basement of the Bozhong sag consists of metamorphic granite, migmatitic granite and gneiss. These felsic rocks are more likely to develop fractures, thereby improving the reservoir properties. The Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan tectonic events greatly reformed the Bozhong 19-6 metamorphic buried hill, forming a large scale fracture system. Weathering and deep thermal fluid contributed to the development of dissolved pores of the reservoirs. In general, controlled by lithology, tectonics, weathering and deep thermal fluid, the reservoir pattern of the metamorphic buried hill of the Bozhong 19-6 structure was established.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References Cited
Allen, M. B., MacDonald, D. I. M., Xun, Z., et al., 1997. Early Cenozoic Two-Phase Extension and Late Cenozoic Thermal Subsidence and Inversion of the Bohai Basin, Northern China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 14(7/8): 951–972. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0264-8172(97)00027-5
Cuong, T. X., Warren, J. K., 2009. Bach Ho Field, a Fractured Granitic Basement Reservoir, Cuu Long Basin, Offshore Se Vietnam: A “Buried-Hill” Play. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 32(2): 129–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.2009.00440.x
Deng, Y. H., 2015. Formation Mechanism and Exploration Practice of Large-Medium Buried-Hill Oil Fields in Bohai Sea. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 36(3): 253–261. https://doi.org/10.7623/syxb201503001 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Dou, L., Wei, X., Wang, J., et al., 2015. Characteristics of Granitic Basement Rock Butied-Hill Reservoir in Bongor Basin, Chad. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 36(8): 897–904. https://doi.org/10.7623/syxb201508001 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
He, D. F., Cui, Y. Q., Zhang, Y. Y., et al., 2017. Structural Genetic Types of Paleoburied Hill in Jizhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 33(4): 1338–1356 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Hou, M. C., Cao, H. Y., Li, H. Y., et al., 2019. Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Deep Buried-Hill Reservoirs in the BZ19-6 Structural Belt, Bohai Sea Area. Natural Gas Industry B, 6(4): 305–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ngib.2019.01.011
Hu, Z. W., Xu, C. G., Yang, B., et al., 2017. Genetic Mechanism of the Granite Buried-Hill Reservoir of the Penglai 9-1 Oilfield in Bohai Sea. Petroleum Research, 2(4): 355–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2017.03.002
Li, J. P., Yang, B., Zhou, X. H., et al., 2012. Analysis of Sedimentary Facies of Dongying Formation in the Bozhong Sag. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 36(4): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2095-4107.2012.04.001 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Li, J. P., Zhou, X. H., Wang, G., 2014. Lithologic Constitution and Its Control on Reservoir Development on Penglai 9-1 Buried Hill, Bohai Sea Basin. Earth Science, 23(10): 1421–1430. https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2014.134 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Liang, J. T., Wang, H. L., Bai, Y., et al., 2016. Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Bohai Bay Basin and Its Coupling Relationship with Pacific Plate Subduction. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 127: 257–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.06.012
Liu, Q. Y., He, L. J., Huang, F., et al., 2016. Cenozoic Lithospheric Evolution of the Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern North China Craton: Constraint from Tectono-Thermal Modeling. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 115: 368–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.10.013
Liu, S. F., Gurnis, M., Ma, P. F., et al., 2017. Reconstruction of Northeast Asian Deformation Integrated with Western Pacific Plate Subduction since 200 Ma. Earth-Science Reviews, 175: 114–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.10.012
Petford, N., McCaffrey, K., 2003. Hydrocarbons in Crystalline Rocks: An Introduction. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 214(1): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2003.214.01.01
Qi, J. F., Yu, F. S., Lu, K. Z., et al., 2003. Conspectus on Mesozoic Basins in Bohai Bay Province. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(S1): 199–206. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2003.z1.028 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Qi, J. F., Yang, Q., 2010. Cenozoic Structural Deformation and Dynamic Processes of the Bohai Bay Basin Province, China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 27(4): 757–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.08.012
Ren, J. Y., Tamaki, K., Li, S. T., et al., 2002. Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic Rifting and Its Dynamic Setting in Eastern China and Adjacent Areas. Tectonophysics, 344(3/4): 175–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-1951(01)00271-2
Powers, S., 1926. Reflected Buried Hills in the Oil Fields of Persia, Egypt, and Mexico. AAPG Bulletin, 10: 422–442. https://doi.org/10.1306/3d93271a-16b1-11d7-8645000102c1865d
Powers, S., Frederick, G. C., 1932. Nature and Origin of Occurrences of Oil, Gas, and Bitumen in Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks. AAPG Bulletin, 16: 719–726. https://doi.org/10.1306/3d932ab2-16b1-11d7-8645000102c1865d
Song, B. R., Hu, Y. J., Bian, S. Z., et al., 2011. Reservoir Characteristics of the Crystal Basement in the Xinglongtai Buried-Hill, Liaohe Depression. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 32(1): 77–82. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a1000135 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Song, G. Z., Wang, H., Xu, M., et al., 2019. Sedimentary Facies, Sequence Stratigraphic Patterns in Pre-Cenozoic Inland Compressional Basin: Example from Early Yanshanian Succession of Eastern Yihezhuang Salient, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China. Journal of Earth Science, 30(1): 194–205 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-018-0867-4
Sun, H. F., Liu, L. F., Jiang, X., et al., 2019. Distribution Characteristics and Its Controlling Factor of Lacustrine High-Quality Source Rocks in the Bozhong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin. Petroleum Research, 4(3): 227–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2019.06.002
Thomas, M. F., 1997. Weathering and Landslides in the Humid Tropics: A Geomorphological Perspective. Journal of the Geological Society of China, 40(1): 1–15
Wu, L., Xu, H. M., Ji, H. C., 2006. Evolution of Sedimentary System and Analysis of Sedimentary Source in Paleogene of Bozhong Sag, Bohai Bay. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 26(1): 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-8042(06)60021-3 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wang, D. Y., Wang, Q. B., Liu, X. J., et al., 2019. Characteristics and Developing Patterns of Gneiss Buried Hill Weathering Crust Reservoir in the Sea Area of the Bohai Bay Basin. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 35(4): 1181–1193. https://doi.org/10.18654/1000-0569/2019.04.13 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wu, Z. P., Hou, X. B., Li, W., 2007. Discussion on Mesozoic Basin Patterns and Evolution in the Eastern North China Block. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 31(4): 385–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1872-5791(07)60010-4 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wyns, R., Gourry, J. C., Baltassat, J. M., et al., 1999. Caractérisation Multiparamètres des Horizons de Subsurface (0–100 m) En Contexte de Socle Altéré. 2ème Colloque Geofcan, Orléans. 105–110
Xia, Q., Zhou, X., Wang, X., et al., 2013. Geological Characteristics and Discovery Significance of Large-Scale and Compound Oilfield of Penglai 9-1 in Bohai. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 34(S2): 15–23. https://doi.org/10.7623/Syxb2013s2002 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xie, W., Meng, W., Li, X., 2012. Basement Reservoir in Liaohe Depression. Oil Industry Press, Beijing. 146 (in Chinese)
Xu, C. G., Yu, H. B., Wang, J., et al., 2019. Formation Conditions and Accumulation Characteristics of Bozhong 19-6 Large Condensate Gas Field in Offshore Bohai Bay Basin. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 46(1): 25–38. https://doi.org/10.11698/ped.2019.01.03 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu, Z. S., Wang, Y. M., Pang, Y. M., et al., 2006. Identification and Evaluation of Xushen Volcanic Gas Reservoirs in Daqing. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 33(5): 521–531. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-0747.2006.05.001 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xue, Y. A., Li, H. Y., 2018. Large Condensate Gas Field in Deep Archean Metamorphic Buried Hill in Bohai Sea: Discovery and Geological Significance. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 30(3): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2018.03.001 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhang, Y., Dilek, Y., Zhang, F. Q., et al., 2020. Structural Architecture and Tectonic Evolution of the Cenozoic Zhanhua Sag along the Tan-Lu Fault Zone in the Eastern North China: Reconciliation of Tectonic Models on the Origin of the Bohai Bay Basin. Tectonophysics, 775: 228303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2019.228303
Zhao, C. M., Zhang, J. M., Li, Z. B., 2017. Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors for the Ordovician Carbonate Reservoirs in Bozhong 28-1 Oilfield. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 36(1): 27–34. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-3754.2017.01.005 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhao, W. Z., Shen, A. J., Hu, S. Y., et al., 2012. Geological Conditions and Distributional Features of Large-Scale Carbonate Reservoirs Onshore China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 39(1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(12)60010-x (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhou, X. H., Hu, Z. W., Wei, A., et al., 2015. Tectonic Origin and Evolution and Their Controls on Accumulation of Penglai 9-1 Large Composite Oilfield Buried Hill in Bohai Sea. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 39(4): 680–690. https://doi.org/10.16539/j.ddgzyckx.2015.04.011 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhu, Y., Liu, S., Zhang, B., et al., 2020. Reconstruction of the Cenozoic Deformation of the Bohai Bay Basin, North China. Basin Research, 1: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12470
Zuo, Y. H., Qiu, N. S., Zhang, Y., et al., 2011. Geothermal Regime and Hydrocarbon Kitchen Evolution of the Offshore Bohai Bay Basin, North China. AAPG Bulletin, 95(5): 749–769. https://doi.org/10.1306/09271010079
Acknowledgments
This study was financially supported by the 13th Five-Year Plan, the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (No. 2016ZX05024003). The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1415-1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xue, Y., Zhao, M. & Liu, X. Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of the Metamorphic Buried Hill of Bozhong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin. J. Earth Sci. 32, 919–926 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1415-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1415-1