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Kinetics of Xylan Autohydrolysis During Subcritical Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Oil Palm Frond Pressed Fiber

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Abstract

A kinetic study was performed to determine the kinetics of hemicellulose (xylan) hydrolysis during subcritical hydrothermal pretreatment of OPFPF. The trend of xylan conversion was observed over 40-min treatment time at two different conditions: without CO2 addition at four different temperatures (170, 180, 190, and 200 °C), and with CO2 addition of 0.5 and 1 MPa at 180 °C. Experimental data obtained was subsequently fitted into the selected first-order kinetic model. It was demonstrated that the experimental data was comparable to the predicted values, indicating the suitability of the chosen model for quantitative interpretation of the experimental results. In addition, the reaction rate was found to improve with the rise of temperature and the presence of CO2, as indicated by the increasing values of reaction rate constants, k. The relationship between k and temperature was successfully established through Arrhenius equation, where the activation energies for xylan conversion were found in the range of 43.49 to 170.16 kJ/mol. Based on the results, subcritical pretreatment of OPFPF at 180 °C and 0.5 MPa CO2 was suggested suitable for high glucose recovery from OPFPF due to high xylan removal rate and low generation of hydrolysis byproduct which is beneficial for successful saccharification and fermentation. This study provides knowledge in the kinetics of xylan autohydrolysis in oil palm frond, and hence could contribute in the process design for recovery of glucose and hemicellulose derivatives such as XOS and furfural from oil palm residues.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support given by the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) grant under the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The authors also wish to acknowledge Universiti Putra Malaysia for providing the facilities used in this study. Appreciation also goes to Universiti Malaysia Perlis and the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, for the provision of study leave and scholarship for the first author.

Funding

The research was funded by Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) grant under the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof & Mohd Ali Hassan

  2. Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, Kawasan Perindustrian Jejawi, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof

  3. Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan, Mohd Rafein Zakaria & Mohd Ali Hassan

  4. Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan

  5. Department of Biological Functions and Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Fukuoka, 808-0916, Japan

    Yoshihito Shirai

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  1. Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof
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  2. Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan
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  3. Mohd Rafein Zakaria
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  4. Mohd Ali Hassan
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  5. Yoshihito Shirai
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study concept and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof and Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan.

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Highlights

1. The kinetics of xylan degradation during subcritical hydrothermal pretreatment, based on the existing pseudo-homogenous, first-order kinetic model during autohydrolysis was investigated.

2. The obtained data pattern indicated that temperature has a significant impact on the degradation kinetics, where the reaction rate was improved profoundly at elevated temperature. Similarly, an improved reaction kinetic was obtained with the introduction of CO2 at 1 MPa, despite the considerably slight effect in xylan degradation and products formation.

3. Concentration of high degree of polymerization xylooligosaccharides was increased, signifying that the presence of low CO2 pressure during autohydrolysis could be exploited for xylooligosaccharides production.

4. The relationship between k and temperature was successfully established through the Arrhenius equation where the activation energies of between 43.49 to 170.16 kJ/ mol were attained.

Appendix

Appendix

Table 4 Definitions of variables in kinetic model derived equations
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Table 5 Kinetic model derived equations for calculating experimental values [42, 43]
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Table 6 Kinetic model derived equations for calculating predicted values [42, 43]
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Yusof, S.J.H.M., Roslan, A.M., Zakaria, M.R. et al. Kinetics of Xylan Autohydrolysis During Subcritical Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Oil Palm Frond Pressed Fiber. Bioenerg. Res. 15, 439–453 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-021-10313-0

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