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Saccharomyces Cerevisiae as an Untapped Source of Fungal Chitosan for Antimicrobial Action

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Abstract

Despite being widely available, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has not been widely explored for direct extraction of chitosan biopolymer for antimicrobial applications. In our study, S. cerevisiae from Baker’s yeast and Aspergillus niger from moldy onion extracts are studied as alternative sources of chitosan; and S cerevisiae chitosan tested for antimicrobial efficacy. The properties of S. cerevisiae chitosan are compared with moldy onion chitosan and shrimp chitosan extracted from shrimp shells. Chitosan extracted from S. cerevisiae is tested for antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus Aureus. The maximum yields of fungal chitosan are 20.85 ± 0.35 mg/g dry S. cerevisiae biomass at 4th day using a culture broth containing sodium acetate, and 16.15 ± 0.95 mg/g dry A. niger biomass at 12th day. The degree of deacetylation (DD%) of the extracted fungal chitosan samples from S. cerevisiae and A. niger is found to be 63.4%, and 61.2% respectively, using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. At a concentration of 2 g/L, S. cerevisiae chitosan shows the maximum inhibition zone diameter of 15.48 ± 0.07 mm. Baker’s yeast S cerevisiae biomass and A. niger from moldy onions has not been previously explored as a source of extractible fungal chitosan. This study gives insight that S. cerevisiae and A. niger from agricultural or industrial wastes could be a potential biomass source for production of the chitosan biopolymer. The S. cerevisiae chitosan displayed effective antimicrobial properties against S aureus, indicating the viablitiy of S cerevisae as a resource for extraction of high-quality chitosan.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, NI, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Mr. Mizanul Hoque and Md. Abu Sayeed Sheikh for assistance in carrying out the S cerevisiae-based fungal chitosan extraction in ammonium acetate media and for their assistance in carrying out the antimicrobial efficacy studies. The authors are thankful for technical support from the Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering Technology. We are grateful for the partial scholarship provided by the BUET Chemical Engineering Forum (BCEF) funding Md. Masirul Afroz.

Funding

This work was funded by the Committee for Advanced Studies and Research (CASR), Bangladesh, University of Engineering and Technology.

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  1. Md. Nayeem Hasan Kashem and K. M. Prottoy Shariar Piash contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Masirul Afroz, Md. Nayeem Hasan Kashem & Nafisa Islam

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA

    Md. Masirul Afroz

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA

    Md. Nayeem Hasan Kashem

  4. Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    K. M. Prottoy Shariar Piash

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  1. Md. Masirul Afroz
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  2. Md. Nayeem Hasan Kashem
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  3. K. M. Prottoy Shariar Piash
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  4. Nafisa Islam
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Contributions

Conceptualization: NI and MA; methodology: MA, PS, and NH; formal analysis and investigation: MA, PS, and NH; writing—original draft preparation: MA and NI; writing—review and editing: MA, PS, NH, and NI; funding acquisition: NI; resources: NI; supervision: NI.

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Correspondence to Nafisa Islam.

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Part of the results of this manuscript have been presented in the Fifth International Conference for Chemical Engineering, ICChE 2017.

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Afroz, M.M., Kashem, M.N.H., Piash, K.M.P.S. et al. Saccharomyces Cerevisiae as an Untapped Source of Fungal Chitosan for Antimicrobial Action. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 193, 3765–3786 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-021-03639-0

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