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Nanocomposite based on graphene and intercalated covalent organic frameworks with hydrosulphonyl groups for electrochemical determination of heavy metal ions

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Abstract

An electrochemical sensor constructed by intercalated composites was developed for determination of heavy metal ions. The intercalated composites were composed of hydrosulphonyl functional covalent organic frameworks (COF-SH) and graphene (G). The presence of numerous adsorption sites, such as 18 sulfur atoms and 30 nitrogen atoms per big circle of COFs on COF-SH, was beneficial for the accumulation of heavy metals, while the graphene enhanced the electrical conductivity. The obtained sensor under the optimal conditions successfully detected the presence of heavy metal ions in coastal water samples at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 μg L−1. The detection limits of Cd (II), Pb (II), Cu (II), and Hg (II) were 0.3, 0.2, 0.2, and 1.1 μg L−1, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor still exhibited good stability after multiple uses less than 5%. When it is used in the analysis of actual samples, the recovery of standard addition is higher than 95%. In sum, the combination of hydrosulphonyl functional COFs with graphene looks very promising for the assembly of sensors with high sensitivity toward the determination of heavy metal ions for coastal environmental monitoring.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Basic Research Fund for Central Universities (531118010314), the Environmental Protection Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province (20190011), the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFD0901103), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB42000000), and the Key R & D Program of Hunan Province (2019SK2281).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chunhui Rd 17, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003, People’s Republic of China

    Fei Pan, Haitao Han & Dawei Pan

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Fei Pan

  3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Lushan Rd (S), Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410082, People’s Republic of China

    Fei Pan, Zhaoyang Wang & Rilong Zhu

  4. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People’s Republic of China

    Chunyi Tong

  5. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, Hunan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Changsha, 410082, People’s Republic of China

    Pei Liu

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  1. Fei Pan
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Correspondence to Dawei Pan or Rilong Zhu.

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Pan, ., Tong, ., Wang, Z. et al. Nanocomposite based on graphene and intercalated covalent organic frameworks with hydrosulphonyl groups for electrochemical determination of heavy metal ions. Microchim Acta 188, 295 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-04956-1

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