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Diurnal kinetics related to physiological parameters in Pistacia vera L. versus Pistacia atlantica Desf. under water stress conditions

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Abstract

This study tests the diurnal variations of water status, leaf gas exchanges and chlorophyll fluorescence in Pistacia vera L. (P. vera L.) and Pistacia atlantica Desf. (P. atlantica Desf.) seedlings. At 40% of field capacity, diurnal variations in water uptake, relative water content (RWC) were estimated every hour between 5:00 am and 7:00 pm. The daily course of light, temperature, photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), intrinsic water use efficiency (A/gs), mesophyll efficiency (A/Ci), internal CO2 concentration (Ci) and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured every 3 h from 05:30 am to 7:30 pm in irrigated and stressed seedlings of the two studied species. The results showed a significant variation in all surveyed parameters over diurnal cycle. The stressed seedlings of P. atlantica exhibited considerably higher RWC, water uptake, A, gs, E, A/gs and A/Ci over diurnal cycles compared to P. vera stressed seedlings. In contrast, P. vera was more sensitive to water stress and excess light and temperature over the diurnal cycle. The midday stomatal conductance and photosynthesis decrease was more likely the result of low RWC caused by high transpiration rates, stomatal closture and photoinhibition. Photoinhibition is a protective mechanism of PSII, rather than a result of photo-damage of photosynthetic apparatus. P. atlantica revealed an important physiological feature that is maintaining photosynthesis at midday compared to P. vera. This might be due to internal regulation through several mechanisms mainly better osmotic adjustment, photoprotective mechanisms of PSII.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

A/Ci:

Mesophyll efficiency

A/gs:

Intrinsic water uses efficiency

A:

Net photosynthesis

Ci:

Internal CO2 concentration

DW:

Dry weight

E:

Transpiration rate

FW:

Fresh weight

gs:

Stomatal conductance

OJIP:

Polyphasic fluorescence transients

PSII:

Photosystem II

RWC:

Relative water content

TW:

Turgid weight

FM:

Maximum fluorescence

P:

Maximum value of chlorophyll fluorescence under saturating light (P-level)

J:

Chlorophyll fluorescence value at 2 ms (J-level)

I:

Chlorophyll fluorescence value at 30 ms (I-level)

F0:

Minimal fluorescence

Fs:

Steady-state fluorescence

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like also to express their sincere thanks to Leila Mahfouthi for her careful editing of the manuscript.

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This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, S. A. Zarroug City, Gafsa, Tunisia

    Samouna Ben Hamed & Elkadri Lefi

  2. LEBIOMAT: Laboratory of Arid Ecosystems and Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Samouna Ben Hamed, Elkadri Lefi & Mohamed Chaieb

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  1. Samouna Ben Hamed
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Ben Hamed, S., Lefi, E. & Chaieb, M. Diurnal kinetics related to physiological parameters in Pistacia vera L. versus Pistacia atlantica Desf. under water stress conditions. Acta Physiol Plant 43, 126 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-021-03297-z

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