Abstract
Soil health management and increase crop productivity are challenging issues for researchers and scientists. Many research publications have given multiple technological solutions for improving soil health and crop productivity but main problem is sustainability of those technologies under field condition and different agro-climatic zone. Due to the random industrialization, deforestation, mining and other environmental factor reduce soil fertility and human health. Many alternative options e.g., crop rotation, green manuring, integrated farming, biofertilizer (plant-growth-promoting microorganism, microbial consortium of rhizosphere soils), and vermicomposting are available for adapting and improving the soil heath and crop productivity by farmers. Recent trends of new research dimension for sustainable agriculture, endophytic microbes and its consortium is one of the better alternative for increasing crop productivity, soil health and fertility management. However, current trends are focuses on the endophytic microbes, which are present mostly in all plant species. Endophytic microbes are isolated from plant parts—root, shoot, leaf, flower and seeds which have very potential ability of plant growth promotion and bio-controlling agent for enhancing plant growth and development. Mostly plant endophytes showed multi-dimensional (synergistic, mutualistic, symbiotic etc.) interactions within the host plants. It promotes the plant growth, protects from pathogen, and induces resistance against biotic and abiotic environmental stresses, and improves the soil fertility. Till date, most of the scientific research has been done on assuming that interaction of plant endophytes with the host is similar like the plant-growth-promoting microorganism (PGPM). It would be very interesting to explore the functional properties of plant endophytes to modulate the essential gene expression during biotic and abiotic stresses. Endophytes have the ability to induce the soil fertility by improving soil essential nutrient, enzymatic activity and influence the other physiochemical property. In this study, we have discussed details about functional properties of plant endophytes and their mechanism for enhancing plant productivity and soil health and fertility management under climate-resilient agricultural practices. Our main objective is to promote and explore the beneficial plant endophytes for enhancing sustainable agricultural productivity.
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Acknowledgements
The authors want to thank the Head of the Department, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University. The authors especially are grateful to Science and Engineering Research Board (Ref. File No. EEQ/2017/000775) and the Government of India, for financial assistance to research endophytic microbes of chickpea. The authors are also thankful to IoE (6031) BHU, Varanasi for providing funds for research related to endophytes. MMR is thankful to University Grants Commission for providing financial assistance through NF-OBC (NFO-2018-19-OBC-BIH-68765).
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AM contributed to the preparation of the manuscript, its formatting and collection of data for writing and preparing figures. MMR, GKC and JKV contributed to creating figures and editing the manuscript. SB, GKC and SY contributed to the collection of data for preparing the tables. JPV contributed to the design, idea, final editing, and revision of the whole manuscript.
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Mukherjee, A., Bhowmick, S., Yadav, S. et al. Re-vitalizing of endophytic microbes for soil health management and plant protection. 3 Biotech 11, 399 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02931-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02931-4