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Heavy Metal Contamination in Soils and Crops Irrigated by Kali River in Uttar Pradesh, India

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Abstract

The study investigated concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in agriculture soil and crops irrigated by the Kali River of Uttar Pradesh, India. Soils and crop samples were collected from 17 locations along the river and analyzed for heavy metal concentrations. Metals in soil and plant were recorded as Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Cd and Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd, respectively. The bioaccumulation factor was < 1 that indicates lesser accumulation of metals in plants except for Cd, Mn, and Zn. Metal pollution index ranged between 1.84 and 6.62 and shows that crops growing at the S10 to S17 sites accumulate greater metal concentrations. Cluster analysis showed agglomeration of Cr-Pb-Cd, Cu-Ni-Mn, and Fe-Zn which revealed different sources of metal pollution. The present study shows low to moderate heavy metal pollution in Kali River irrigated areas thus consumption of agriculture produce may cause adverse health effects.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the National Committee on Precision Agriculture & Horticulture (NCPAH), MoA & FW, New Delhi for the financial assistance, and ICAR-IARI New Delhi to provide research facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India

    Gaurav Singh, Tanu Jindal & Manju Rawat Ranjan

  2. Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Gaurav Singh & Neelam Patel

  3. National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), New Delhi, India

    Neelam Patel

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  1. Gaurav Singh
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  2. Neelam Patel
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  3. Tanu Jindal
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  4. Manju Rawat Ranjan
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Correspondence to Gaurav Singh.

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Singh, G., Patel, N., Jindal, T. et al. Heavy Metal Contamination in Soils and Crops Irrigated by Kali River in Uttar Pradesh, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 107, 931–937 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-021-03349-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-021-03349-7

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