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Ability to regulate immunity of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of traumatic brain injury

  • Update in Clinical Neurogenetics
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Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by broad clinical symptoms in brain insult by external damages to the skull. TBI potentially leads to severe physical, cognitive, and emotional impairment. The complex biochemical reactions of inflammatory processes in TBI significantly influence brain function and clinical sequelae’s overall severity. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy has become a promising therapeutic field of treatment for serious injuries due to its ability to regulate the inflammatory microenvironment. In this study, we aimed to investigate MSC’s anti-inflammatory ability through regulating leukocyte, neutrophils, and inflammatory factors (IL-6, CRP, and TNF-a), thereby reducing the trauma in the TBI. Biological effects of autologous MNC and MSC cell transplantation have been studied in 40 patients with molded TBI, after being filtered according to appropriate criteria. All patients initially received MNCs and subsequently MSCs (both intravenously) followed by continuous monitoring during treatment (2 months) with clinical cognitive indicators. The results after transplantation MSC indicated that the majority of patients experienced improved health function in different degrees during the follow-up period. Lower serum levels of inflammatory factors, leukocytes, and neutrophils population were detected following the transplantation compared with the levels prior to treatment and with the control patients. No severe symptoms were observed in patients after transplantation, despite 3–4 death cases in each group. Overall, the present study suggests that transplantation of MSC possibly regulates inflammatory factors and appears to be safe in TBI treatment.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Ministry of Science and Technology (VN) for sponsoring the budget for our research during the time from 2018 to 2020

Funding

The funding provided by the Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology has been used in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Anesthesiology & Recovery Department, Hue Central Hospital, 16 Le Loi St, Hue City, Vietnam

    Quang Hien Nguyen Viet & Viet Quang Nguyen

  2. Biology Department, Hue University, 03 Le Loi St, Hue City, Vietnam

    Duy Minh Le Hoang, Huu Phuc Tran & Cam Ha Che Thi

  3. Hematology Department, Hue Central Hospital, Hue, Vietnam

    Thuy Hoa Phan Thi

  4. Hue Central Hospital, Hue, Vietnam

    Cam Ha Che Thi

Authors
  1. Quang Hien Nguyen Viet
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  2. Viet Quang Nguyen
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  3. Duy Minh Le Hoang
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  4. Thuy Hoa Phan Thi
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  5. Huu Phuc Tran
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  6. Cam Ha Che Thi
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Contributions

Quang Hien Nguyen Viet and Cam Ha Che Thi were responsible for the project with the funding from the Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology. Cam Ha Che Thi took the main responsibility on stem cell in vitro before and after the transplants for patients. Quang Hien Nguyen Viet aspirated the bone marrow from the patients and evaluated the patients’ condition basing on Glasgow scale (3–8), which followed criteria of this research. The cell isolation, proliferation, and characterization were performed by Duy Minh Le Hoang, Huu Phuc Tran, and Thuy Hoa Phan Thi. Duy Minh Le Hoang and Thuy Hoa Phan Thi analyzed the factors of cytokines. Huu Phuc Tran conducted the flow cytometry test and the evaluation of hematopoietic indices. Viet Quang Nguyen observed patients after transplants until discharging from the hospital. Quang Hien Nguyen Viet and Cam Ha Che Thi were the major contributors in writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cam Ha Che Thi.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

According to the Decision No. 439/QD/BVH dated September 14, 2018, of the Director of Hue Central Hospital:

Consent for publication

The level of coma of patients is assessed as severe GCS 3-8 (GCS ≤ 8). Therefore, patients’ legal guardians fully consented to the participant as well as the publication of all personal details, videos, and images in this research.

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Viet, Q.H.N., Nguyen, V.Q., Le Hoang, D.M. et al. Ability to regulate immunity of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Neurol Sci 43, 2157–2164 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05529-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05529-z

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