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Rapid transition from MORB-type to SSZ-type oceanic crust generation following subduction initiation: insights from the mafic dikes and metamorphic soles in the Pozantı-Karsantı ophiolite, SE Turkey

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Abstract

The Pozantı-Karsantı ophiolite is one of the well-preserved supra-subduction-zone oceanic lithosphere slices. It offers a unique opportunity to study oceanic crust formation, and to specify subduction initiation processes of the Inner Tauride ocean in the Neo-Tethyan subduction system. The Pozantı-Karsantı ophiolite is tectonically underlain by a subophiolitic metamorphic sole and mélanges. The metamorphic sole is mostly amphibolites that are enriched in light rare earth elements and large-ion lithophile elements, low εNd(t) values (+ 5.4 to + 8.3) and high 207Pb/204Pb ratios, suggesting an OIB-like geochemical affinity. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) zircon and titanite U–Pb ages reveal a protolith age at ~ 122.2 ± 1.3 Ma and metamorphic age at 92–90 Ma for the amphibolites. Gabbro and diabase dikes intruded the metamorphic sole rocks and ophiolitic units at ~ 91 to 90 Ma. Their elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic characteristics indicate a MORB-like mantle source, different from subduction fluid-altered dikes formed at 86.9 ± 3.1 Ma. The temporal-geochemical sequence therefore suggests that the intra-oceanic subduction initiated at 91.9 ± 0.8 Ma within an older lithosphere (> 122 Ma) of the Inner Tauride ocean. Incipient subduction led to forearc (ultra-)slow-spreading seafloor with mafic dikes of 91–90 Ma. The fast switch from MORB- to SSZ-type oceanic spreading might have occurred in less than 3 Myr and marks the inception of a mature subduction zone.

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source as discussed by Turner et al. (2012). The fields for different metasomatic processes in b are after La Flèche et al. (1998) and references therein. The melt curves in c were calculated with different starting materials (garnet lherzolite, garnet–spinel lherzolite and spinel lherzolite) using the non-modal batch melting equations of Shaw (1970)

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 91755205, 91855103, 41772055 and 41872208), the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP) (2019QZKK0801), the State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKL-Q201801), and Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Constructive reviews by Scott A. Whattam, an anonymous reviewer, and associate editor Daniela Rubatto, are acknowledged. We are very grateful to the staff of the different laboratories of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics for their help. Drs. J. X. Zhao, K. X. Hui, M. M. Cui and J. Wang are thanked for their help during the fieldwork. This work also benefited from the discussion with Dr. T. Liu.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Guang-Yao Xin, Yang Chu, Wei Lin & Zhen-Tian Feng

  2. Innovation Academy of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Guang-Yao Xin, Yang Chu, Ben-Xun Su, Wei Lin & Zhen-Tian Feng

  3. Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Ben-Xun Su

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Guang-Yao Xin, Yang Chu, Ben-Xun Su, Wei Lin & Zhen-Tian Feng

  5. Department of Geological Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey

    Ibrahim Uysal

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Correspondence to Yang Chu.

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Communicated by Daniela Rubatto.

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Xin, GY., Chu, Y., Su, BX. et al. Rapid transition from MORB-type to SSZ-type oceanic crust generation following subduction initiation: insights from the mafic dikes and metamorphic soles in the Pozantı-Karsantı ophiolite, SE Turkey. Contrib Mineral Petrol 176, 64 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01821-5

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