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The Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Young Men in Tanzania: A Latent Class Analysis of Patterns and Outcomes

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Abstract

Few studies of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and sexual risk behavior among men have examined how multiple dimensions of these behaviors intersect in ways that may uniquely elevate health risks. The current study used latent class analysis to: (1) identify distinct patterns of IPV and sexual risk behavior in a sample of Tanzanian men (n = 985) and (2) examine associations between identified patterns and health outcomes. Four classes were identified: normative (64% of the sample), IPV only (14%), sexual risk only (13%), and comorbid IPV/sexual risk (5%). Compared to men in the normative subgroup, men in the comorbid group had significantly higher odds of STI infection, higher perceived HIV risk, and greater odds of substance use. Findings provide evidence that engaging in IPV and multiple sexual partnerships (i.e., a comorbid pattern) denotes elevated health risks across a range of indicators, suggesting the importance of targeted treatment and prevention efforts for men in this subgroup.

Resumen

Pocos estudios sobre la violencia infligida por la pareja (IPV) y las conductas sexuales de riesgo entre los hombres han examinado como las múltiples dimensiones de estas conductas pueden combinarse para elevar los riesgos de estas conductas para la salud. El estudio actual utilizó el análisis de clases latentes para: (1) identificar patrones (o clases) distintos de IPV y conductas sexuales de riesgo en una muestra de hombres de Tanzania (n = 985) y (2) examinar asociaciones entre los patrones identificados y indicadores de salud. Se identificaron cuatro clases: normativa (64% de la muestra), IPV solo (14%), riesgo sexual solo (13%) y riesgo sexual / IPV comórbido (5%). En comparación con los hombres del subgrupo normativo, los hombres del grupo comórbido tenían probabilidades significativamente más altas de infección de transmisión sexual, mayor riesgo percibido de VIH, y mayores probabilidades de consumo de sustancias (alcohol y marijuana). Los hallazgos proporcionan evidencia de que ser perpetrador de violencia en pareja y tener múltiples parejas sexuales (un patrón comórbido) es asociado con múltiples riesgos para la salud, lo que sugiere la importancia del tratamiento dirigido y los esfuerzos de prevención para los hombres en este subgrupo.

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Availability of Data

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant # R03-MH121200-01) to H. L. M. Reyes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 302 Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7440, USA

    H. Luz McNaughton Reyes & Suzanne Maman

  2. UNICEF Office of Research, Firenze, Italy

    Lusajo J. Kajula

  3. School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

    Marta Mulawa

Authors
  1. H. Luz McNaughton Reyes
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  2. Suzanne Maman
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  3. Lusajo J. Kajula
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  4. Marta Mulawa
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Contributions

All authors participated in designing the parent study, data collection, and data preparation. HLMR conceived of the research questions and hypotheses assessed in the current study and performed all analyses. The first draft of the manuscript was written by HLMR and all authors commented on revisions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to H. Luz McNaughton Reyes.

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The authors report no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

The study was approved by the ethical review committees at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants in the current study.

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McNaughton Reyes, H.L., Maman, S., Kajula, L.J. et al. The Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Young Men in Tanzania: A Latent Class Analysis of Patterns and Outcomes. AIDS Behav 26, 512–522 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03407-5

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