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Rehabilitative Exercise Training for Burn Injury

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Abstract

Due to improvements in acute burn care over the last few decades, most patients with severe burns (up to 90% of the total body surface) survive. However, the metabolic and cardiovascular complications that accompany a severe burn can persist for up to 3 years post injury. Accordingly, there is now a greater appreciation of the need for strategies that can hasten recovery and reduce long-term morbidity post burn. Rehabilitation exercise training (RET) is a proven effective treatment to restore lean body mass, glucose and protein metabolism, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscle strength in burn survivors. Despite this, very few hospitals incorporate RET in programs to aid the rehabilitation of patients with severe burns. Given that RET is a safe and efficacious treatment that restores function and reduces post-burn morbidity, we propose that a long-term exercise prescription plan should be considered for all patients with severe burns. In this literature review, we discuss the current understanding of burn trauma on major organ systems, and the positive benefits of incorporating RET as a part of the long-term rehabilitation of severely burned individuals. We also provide burn-specific exercise prescription guidelines for clinical exercise physiologists.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Sherry Haller for editing and proofreading the manuscript. This article does not reflect the opinion of the US Department of Defense or the US National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Medical Branch, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, USA

    Alen Palackic, Oscar E. Suman & Andrew J. Murton

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Nutrition, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA

    Craig Porter

  3. Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA

    Craig G. Crandall

  4. KBR, Human Physiology, Performance, Protection and Operations Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, TX, 77058, USA

    Eric Rivas

  5. Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Alen Palackic

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  1. Alen Palackic
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  2. Oscar E. Suman
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Correspondence to Eric Rivas.

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Department of Defense: W81XWH-15-1-0143, W81XWH-14-2-0160, W81XWH-15-1-0647 and National Institutes of Health R01HD049471, and GM068865.

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Alen Palackic, Oscar E. Suman, Craig Porter, Andrew J. Murton, Craig Crandall, and Eric Rivas declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to the content of this review.

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Palackic, A., Suman, O.E., Porter, C. et al. Rehabilitative Exercise Training for Burn Injury. Sports Med 51, 2469–2482 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01528-4

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