Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T11:07:29.588Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Impact of state of economic dependence and employment status on the self-perceived health of Indian elderly people across expenditure quintiles of households

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 August 2021

Bidisha Mondal Open the ORCID record for Bidisha Mondal [Opens in a new window]
Bidisha Mondal*
Affiliation:
National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, India
*
*Corresponding author. Email: itsmebidisha1@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Self-perceived health, a subjective assessment of health status, is influenced by state of economic independence and employment status after controlling for other demographic, social and health-related factors, particularly for elderly people as they tend to face discrimination in intra-household resource allocation. Being economically independent and employed increase the likelihood of elderly people rating their health as good/excellent compared to others and employment status came out as even more impactful. This study provides new insights by observing that across the expenditure quintile groups of the households, the importance of these variables varies as the bias in intra-household resource allocation against elderly people is supposed to increase with declining economic resources of the households. Economic independence improves the likelihood of rating one's health as good/excellent in the lowest expenditure quintile much more compared to those in the uppermost expenditure quintile. For employed too, the positive influence of employment status on self-perceived health of elderly people has been strictly increasing as we move down the expenditure quintiles of households.

Keywords

self-perceived healthIndian elderly peopleeconomic independenceemployment statuslogistic regressionhousehold expenditure quintiles
Type
Article
Information
Ageing & Society , Volume 43 , Issue 4 , April 2023 , pp. 929 - 951
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agarwal, S (2012) Effect of living arrangement on the health status of elderly in India. Asian Population Studies 8, 87–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alam, M (2009) Aging, socio-economic disparities and health outcomes: some evidence from rural India. Indian Journal of Human Develpoment 3, 47–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alam, M and Karan, A (2011) Elderly health in India: dimensions, differentials and determinants. United Nations Population Fund, New Delhi, BKPAI Working Paper 3.Google Scholar
Alam, M, James, K, Giridhar, G, Sathyanarayana, K, Kumar, S, Raju, S, Syamala, T, Subaiya, L and Bansod, D (2012) Report on the Status of Elderly in Select States of India, 2011. New Delhi: United Nations Population Fund.Google Scholar
Alam, M, Mazumdar, S and Yadav, P (2015) Inequalities in Elderly Health and Wellbeing in India: An Exploration. New Delhi: United Nations Population Fund.Google Scholar
Asher, M, Vora, Y and Maurya, D (2015) An analysis of selected pension and health care initiatives for informal sector workers in India. Social Policy and Administration 49, 738–751.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barik, D and Arokiasamy, P (2016) Rising health expenditure due to non-communicable diseases in India: an outlook. Frontiers in Public Health 4, 268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beaglehole, R and Yach, D (2003) Globalisation and the prevention and control of non-communicable disease: the neglected chronic diseases of adults. Lancet 362, 903–908.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhat, AK and Dhruvarajan, R (2001) Ageing in India: drifting intergenerational relations, challenges and options. Ageing & Society 21, 621–640.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bloom, D and Eggleston, K (2014) The economic implications of population ageing in China and India. Journal of the Economics of Ageing 4, 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bongaarts, J and Zimmer, Z (2002) Living arrangements of older adults in the developing world: an analysis of demographic and health survey household surveys. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 57B, S145–S157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boutayeb, A (2006) The double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases in developing countries. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100, 191–199.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chan, A (1997) An overview of the living arrangements and social support exchanges of older Singaporeans. Asia-Pacific Population Journal 12, 35–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chandrashekhar, R, Gududur, AK and Reddy, S (2014) Cross sectional study of morbidity pattern among geriatric population in urban and rural area of Gulbarga. Medical Innovatica 3, 36–40.Google Scholar
Chatterji, S, Kowal, P, Mathers, C, Naidoo, N, Verdes, E, Smith, J and Suzman, R (2008) The health of aging populations in China and India. Health Affairs (Millwood) 27, 1052–1063.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cramm, JM, Bornscheuer, L, Selivanova, A and Lee, J (2015) The health of India's elderly population: a comparative assessment using subjective and objective health outcomes. Population Aging 8, 245–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cyarto, EV, Moorhead, GE and Brown, WJ (2004) Updating the evidence relating to physical activity intervention studies in older people. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 6, 30–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deaton, A (2008) Income, health and wellbeing around the world: evidence from the Gallup World Poll. Journal of Economic Perspectives 22, 53–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dhak, B (2009) Gender difference in health and its determinants in the old-aged population in India. Journal of Biosocial Science 41, 625–643.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dharmalingam, A (1994) Old age support: expectations and experiences in a South Indian village. Population Studies 48, 5–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gagauz, O, Avram, C and Pahomii, I (2017) Self-perceived health of the elderly: economic and sociodemographic inequalities. Economy and Sociology 45–54.Google Scholar
George, LS, Deshpande, S, Kumar, MK and Patil, RS (2017) Morbidity patterns and its sociodemographic deterrminants among elderly population of Raichur district, Karnataka, India. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 6, 340–344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ghosh, S and Arokiasamy, P (2009) Morbidity in India: trends, patterns and differentials. Journal of Health Studies 2, 129–141.Google Scholar
Ghosh, S and Husain, Z (2010) Economic independence, family support and perceived health status of the elderly: recent evidence from India. Asia-Pacific Population Journal 25, 47–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giridhar, G, James, K and Kumar, S (2017) Caring for Our Elders: Early Responses. New Delhi: United Nations Population Fund.Google Scholar
Gupta, I and Sankar, D (2003) Health of the elderly in India: a multivariate analysis. Journal of Health and Population in Developing Countries 24, 1–11.Google Scholar
Huisman, M, Kunst, AE and Mackenbach, JP (2003) Socioeconomic inequalities in morbidity among the elderly: a European overview. Social Science and Medicine 57, 861–873.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Husain, Z and Ghosh, S (2010) Is health status of elderly worsening in India: a comparison of successive rounds of National Sample Survey data. MPRA Working Paper 25747.Google Scholar
Idler, EL and Benyamini, Y (1997) Self-rated health and mortality: a review of twenty seven community studies. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 38, 21–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kalavar, JM and Jamuna, D (2011) Aging of Indian women in India: the experience of older women in formal care homes. Journal of Women and Aging 23, 203–215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaur, G, Bansal, R, Anand, T, Kumar, A and Singh, J (2017) Morbidity profile of noncommunicable diseases among elderly in a city in North India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 7, 29–34.Google Scholar
Kochar, A (1999) Evaluating familial support for the elderly: the intrahousehold allocation of medical expenditures in rural Pakistan. Economic Development and Cultural Change 47, 621–656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kowal, P, Kahn, K, Ng, N, Naidoo, N, Abdullah, S, Bawah, A, Binka, F, Chuc, N, Debpuur, C, Ezeh, A, Gomez-Olive, X, Hakimi, M, Hirve, S, Hodgson, A, Juvekar, S, Kyobutungi, C, Menken, J, Minh, HV, Mwanyangala, M, Razzaque, A, Sankoh, O, Streatfield, PK, Wall, S, Wilopo, S, Byass, P, Chaterji, S and Tollman, S (2010) Ageing and adult health status in eight lower-income countries: the INDEPTH WHO-SAGE collaboration. Global Health Action 3, 11–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lamb, S (2007) Lives outside the family: gender and rise of elderly residences in India. International Journal of Sociology of the Family 33, 43–61.Google Scholar
Machón, M, Vergara, I, Dorronsoro, M, Vrotsou, K and Larrañaga, I (2016) Self-perceived health in functionally independent older people: associated factors. BMC Geriatrics 16, 66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maniscalco, L, Miceli, S, Bono, F and Matranga, D (2020) Self-perceived health, objective health, and quality of life among people aged 50 and over: interrelationship among health indicators in Italy, Spain, and Greece. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, 1–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Menec, VH, Chipperfield, JG and Perry, R (1999) Self-perceptions of health: a propective analysis of mortality, control and health. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 54B, P85–P93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mini, G (2009) Socioeconomic and demographic diversity in the health status of elderly people in a transitional society, Kerala, India. Journal of Biosocial Science 41, 457–467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munsur, MA, Tareque, IM and Rahman, MK (2010) Determinants of living arrangements health status and abuse among elderly women: a study of rural Naogaon district, Bangladesh. Journal of International Women's Studies 11, 1–16.Google Scholar
Narayana, MR (2019) Old age pension scheme in India: distributional impacts. South Asia Research 39, 143–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rahman, OM and Barsky, AJ (2003) Self-reported health among older Bangladeshis: how good a health indicator is it? The Gerontologist 43, 856–863.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rajan, IS (2006) Population Ageing and Health in India. Vakola, Santacruz (East), India: Centre for Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes.Google Scholar
Rajan, S and Kumar, S (2003) Living arrangements among Indian elderly: new evidence from National Family Health Survey. Economic and Political Weekly 38, 75–80.Google Scholar
Rajan Irudaya, S (1999) Financial and Social Security in Old-Age in India. Social Change 29, 90–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rejeski, WJ and Mihalko, SL (2001) Physical activity and quality of life in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology 56, 23–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roy, K and Chaudhuri, A (2008) Influence of socioeconomic status, wealth and financial empowerment on gender differences in health and healthcare utilization in later life: evidence from India. Social Science and Medicine 66, 1951–1962.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samanta, T, Chen, F and Reeve, V (2015) Living arrangements and health of older adults in India. Journals of Gerontology: Pychological Sciences and Social Sciences 70B, 937–947.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shradhha, K, Prasantha, B and Prakash, B (2012) Study on morbidity pattern among elderly in urban population of Mysore, Karnataka, India. International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research 1, 215–223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simsek, H, Doganay, S, Budak, R and Ucku, R (2014) Relationship of socioeconomic status with health behaviors and self-perceived health in the elderly: a community-based study, Turkey. Geriatrics & Gerontology International 14, 960–968.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, JP (1994) Measuring health and economic status of older adults in developing countries. The Gerontologist 34, 491–496.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smolic, S (2017) The determinants of health among the population aged 50 and over: evidence from Croatia. Public Sector Economics 41, 85–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tareque, MI and Rahman, MK (2010) Determinants of living arrangements, health status and abuse among elderly women: a study of rural Naogaon district, Bangladesh. Journal of International Women's Studies 11, 162–176.Google Scholar
Wu, S, Rui, W, Yanfang, Z, Ma, X, Wu, M, Yan, X and He, J (2013) The relationship between self-rated health and objective health status: a population-based study. BMC Public Health 13, 320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yadav, S and Arokiasamy, P (2013) Understanding epidemiological transition in India. Global Health Action 6, 1–14.Google Scholar