Abstract
The search for new compounds with activity against Paracoccidioides, etiologic agents of Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), is extremely necessary due to the current scenario of the available therapeutic arsenal. Treatment is restricted to three classes of antifungals with side effects. Curcumin is a polyphenol with antifungal effects that is extracted from Curcuma longa. The present work aimed to evaluate the activity of curcumin in different species of Paracoccidioides and to evaluate the potential molecular targets of curcumin using computational strategies. In addition, interactions with classic antifungals used in the treatment of PCM were evaluated. Curcumin inhibits the growth of Paracoccidioides spp. exerting a fungicidal effect. The combination of curcumin with amphotericin B, co-trimoxazole, and itraconazole showed a synergistic or additive interaction. Molecular targets as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and isocitrate lyase were proposed based on in silico approaches. Curcumin affects the fungal plasma membrane and increases the production of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, curcumin is a good alternative for the treatment of PCM.
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This work was performed at Universidade Federal de Goiás supported by MCTI/CNPq (Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), FNDCT (Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), FAPEG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás), CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior/ Finance Code 001), FINEP (Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos), PRONEX (Programa de Apoio a Núcleos de Excelência), and INCT-IPH (Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Estratégias de Interação Patógeno-Hospedeiro). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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Each author has contributed significantly to this work. O.B.R., L.C.S., and M.A.B.C.J. performed the biological assays. A.A.O. performed the in silico assay. All authors contributed to the manuscript writing. All authors have given approval for the final version of the manuscript. O.B.R. and L.C.S. share the first authorship.
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Rocha, O.B., do Carmo Silva, L., de Carvalho Júnior, M.A.B. et al. In vitro and in silico analysis reveals antifungal activity and potential targets of curcumin on Paracoccidioides spp.. Braz J Microbiol 52, 1897–1911 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00548-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00548-6