Abstract
Previous research highlights several benefits of shared book reading (SBR) for child development, but less studies exist about its predictors (Yarosz and Barnett, 2001). Literature on home SBR in Portugal is scarce (Araújo & Costa, 2015; Peixoto et al., 2008), and studies on its predictors in families at socioeconomic risk or Roma families in this context are, respectively, reduced (Gamelas et al., 2003) or inexistent. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of the frequency of SBR in two ethnically diverse groups of families. Specifically, we studied the associations between child and family (mother) characteristics, parental aspirations, and parental involvement in preschool events and frequency of home SBR. Two hundred and six caregivers of Portuguese Roma (n = 101) and non-Roma (n = 105) low-income preschoolers (109 boys; Mage = 5, SDage = 0.94) living in the Metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal, completed a survey, in face-to-face meetings. A multiple regression model, using AMOS (v. 25), showed that mothers’ educational level, educational aspirations for their child, and involvement in informal (but not formal) events in preschool were positively associated with frequency of SBR. Ethnicity did not moderate these associations. The overall similar pattern results for Roma and non-Roma low-income families is an important finding, suggesting that these families may experience similar challenges in engaging in SBR with their preschool children and, therefore, may benefit from interventions with similar features.
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Notes
Given the cross-sectional nature of the data, we tested an alternative model specifying SBR as a predictor of mother’s educational aspirations for their child, while including the same covariates (children’s age, sex, mother’s educational level, and parental involvement in preschool formal and informal events). Based on model modification indices and existing empirical evidence, SBR and mother’s educational level were allowed to covary. Results from this model revealed that SBR does predict educational aspirations, b = .28, p < .001. However, the comparison of the fit indexes of both models showed that the hypothesized model fit the data better (χ2 = 19.15, df = 14, χ2/df = 1.37, CFI = .89, GFI = .97, RMSEA = .04, SRMR = .06, AIC = 47.15, BIC = 93.74) than this alternative model (χ2 = 24.38, df = 13, χ2/df = 1.88, CFI = .75, GFI = .97, RMSEA = .07, SRMR = .07, AIC = 54.38, BIC = 104.30).
Self-efficacy data was collected in this study but not tested in the model due to unsatisfactory psychometric characteristics in our sample.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 727069. More information on the large-scale structured interview study can be found in Broekhuizen and colleagues (2018). The authors would like to thank the ISOTIS partners who were in some way involved in this study, as well as to Dulce Martins and to João Rafael, who were part of the data collection team in this study. A special thank you to all institutions (namely Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa and Santa Casa da Misericórdia da Amadora, with which we established a formal collaboration, amongst other institutions), schools and professionals (such as local community mediators) within the Metropolitan Areas of Lisbon and Oporto who supported us in reaching out and contacting with participant families, and/or providing the conditions for conducting some of the interviews with the families. Finally, we are grateful to all mothers and other primary caregivers who participated in this study, by so kindly sharing their experiences and perspectives.
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This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 727069.
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Conceptualization: CA, IAF, LN, SG, and CSS; Methodology: CA, and IAF; Formal analysis and investigation: IAF and CSS; Investigation: IAF, SG, LN, CSS, and CA; Writing—original draft preparation: IAF, CSS, LN, and SG; Writing—review and editing: CA, IAF, SG, LN, and CSS; Supervision: CA; Funding acquisition: CA; Resources: CA; Project administration: CA.
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Ferreira, I.A., Silva, C.S., Neves, L. et al. Predictors of shared book reading at home with preschoolers: Are there differences between Roma and non-Roma low-income families?. Soc Psychol Educ 24, 1163–1191 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-021-09648-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-021-09648-5