Abstract
Diverse aromatic mediators have often been used to increase the degradation of organic pollutants by Fenton reaction (Fe2+ + H2O2 → Fe3+ + HO● + HO−). The presence of reducing mediators can minimize the accumulation of Fe3+ in solution, which leads to accelerated Fe2+ regeneration and enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species, such as the HO● radical, i.e., the strongest oxidant in Fenton-based processes. On the other hand, a few non-reducing compounds can be converted into reducing intermediates during reactions, in addition to assisting degradation processes. Therefore, the influence of aromatic mediators, reducers and non-reducers, on decolorization kinetics of Bismarck Brown Y (BBY) dye oxidized by Fenton processes (Fe2+/H2O2, Fe3+/H2O2) has been investigated herein by using data from a previous study that had been developed by the present research group. In general, the second-order reaction kinetic model was better fit to the experimental data. Improvements in apparent second-order rate constants (k2) were observed due to the presence of mediators. Reducers were more effective than non-reducers in increasing k2 values. In another kinetic model, BMG, maximum oxidation capacity was increased due to the presence of mediators. In a new set of experiments, a decrease in apparent activation energy was verified due to introducing mediators into reactions initially containing either Fe2+ or Fe3+ as catalysts to oxidize BBY at different temperatures. This indicates that the tested mediators, two reducers (hydroquinone, gallic acid) and a non-reducer (salicylic acid), can decrease the energy barrier to allow Fenton reaction to oxidize dyes more effectively.
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Data Availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and in https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-017-0316-4.pdf.
Change history
05 September 2021
The equation 2 and Table 2 are now corrected.
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Funding
This study was supported by Brazilian Agencies for Scientific and Technological Development: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Fapemig, project number APQ-01898–17), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Ensino Superior (CAPES).
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Juan P. P. Lima, Carlos H. B. Tabelini, Márcio D. N. Ramos: experimental work; formal analysis; writing—original draft; André Aguiar: conceptualization; funding acquisition; project administration; supervision; writing—review and editing; visualization.
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Lima, J.P.P., Tabelini, C.H.B., Ramos, M.D.N. et al. Kinetic Evaluation of Bismarck Brown Y Azo Dye Oxidation by Fenton Processes in the Presence of Aromatic Mediators. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 321 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05258-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05258-1